Optimization and validation of multiresidual extraction methods for pharmaceuticals in Soil, Lettuce, and Earthworms
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216305%3A26310%2F24%3APU151243" target="_blank" >RIV/00216305:26310/24:PU151243 - isvavai.cz</a>
Result on the web
<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-024-33492-7" target="_blank" >https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-024-33492-7</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33492-7" target="_blank" >10.1007/s11356-024-33492-7</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Optimization and validation of multiresidual extraction methods for pharmaceuticals in Soil, Lettuce, and Earthworms
Original language description
The presence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in the environment poses potential risks. To comprehensively assess these risks, robust multiresidual analytical methods are essential for determining a broad spectrum of PhAC classes in various environmental compartments (soil, plants, and soil organisms). This study optimized extraction methods for analyzing over 40 PhACs from various matrices, including soil, lettuce, and earthworms. A four-step ultrasonic extraction method with varying extraction conditions and subsequent solid phase extraction was developed for soil samples. QuEChERS methods were optimized for extracting PhACs from lettuce and earthworm samples, addressing a literature gap in these less-studied matrices. The quantification of PhACs in soil, lettuce, and earthworm extracts was performed using a single LC-MS/MS method. Following thorough method validation, earthworms and lettuce were exposed to a mixture of 27 pharmaceuticals in a soil environment. The method validation results demonstrated the robustness of these methods for a broad spectrum of PhACs. Specifically, 29 out of 42 PhACs were extracted with an average efficiency >50% and RSD <30% from the soil; 40 out of 42 PhACs exhibited average efficiency >50% and %RSD <30% from the earthworms, while 39 out of 42 PhACs showed average efficiency >50% and RSD <30% from the lettuce. Exposure experiments confirmed the viability of these methods for quantifying a diverse range of PhACs in different environmental compartments. This study presents three thoroughly validated methods for determining more than 40 PhACs in diverse matrices, enabling a comprehensive assessment of PhAC dissemination in the environment.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>ost</sub> - Miscellaneous article in a specialist periodical
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
10406 - Analytical chemistry
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach
Others
Publication year
2024
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
ISSN
0944-1344
e-ISSN
1614-7499
Volume of the periodical
31
Issue of the periodical within the volume
24
Country of publishing house
DE - GERMANY
Number of pages
21
Pages from-to
33120-33140
UT code for WoS article
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EID of the result in the Scopus database
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