Behavioral toxicity of nerve agents

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62690094%3A18460%2F20%3A50016768" target="_blank" >RIV/62690094:18460/20:50016768 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/62690094:18470/20:50016768

Result on the web

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00033-7" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00033-7</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00033-7" target="_blank" >10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00033-7</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Behavioral toxicity of nerve agents

Original language description

Behavioral changes in humans exposed to highly toxic organophosphorus (OP) compounds, called nerve agents, have been discussed in numerous reports. The incidence of behavioral effects is higher in individuals who have been severely exposed to nerve agents, but they may also occur in individuals who have received a low-level exposure below those producing convulsions and other severe clinical signs of toxicity. The behavioral effects usually start within a few hours and last from several days to several weeks or months. The most frequent symptoms include feelings of uneasiness, tenseness, and fatigue. Exposed individuals may be forgetful and generally display impaired memory and learning, poor comprehension, decreased ability to communicate, and occasional mild confusion. There are a few reports describing behavioral changes in subjects accidentally exposed to nerve agents. They reported sleep disturbance, mood changes, fatigue, jitteriness or tenseness, an inability to read with comprehension, difficulties with thinking and expression, forgetfulness, a feeling of being mentally slowed, depression, irritability, giddiness, poor performance in arithmetic tests, minor difficulties in orientation, and frightening dreams. It was observed that the complex of central nervous system (CNS) symptoms may not fully develop until 24 h after exposure. In addition, no correlations between the presence or severity of symptoms and the degree of acetylcholinesterase inhibition were seen. Most of the effects of exposure disappear within 3 days. It was concluded that not only severe but also mild intoxication of nerve agents may cause behavioral and psychological disturbances. In general, the behavioral effects have not been permanent but have lasted from weeks to several months, or possibly several years. Long-term behavioral effects after poisoning with nerve agents or organophosphorus insecticides have been reported (Karczmar, 1984; Levin and Rodnitzki, 1976; Loh et al., 2010). These reports are based on clinical observations, which are occasionally supported by psychological studies.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

C - Chapter in a specialist book

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

50601 - Political science

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2020

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Book/collection name

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

ISBN

978-0-12-819090-6

Number of pages of the result

15

Pages from-to

499-513

Number of pages of the book

1318

Publisher name

Elsevier

Place of publication

Oxford

UT code for WoS chapter

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