Extrathymic AIRE-Expressing Cells: A Historical Perspective

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68378050%3A_____%2F24%3A00618518" target="_blank" >RIV/68378050:_____/24:00618518 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_3" target="_blank" >https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_3</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_3" target="_blank" >10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_3</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Extrathymic AIRE-Expressing Cells: A Historical Perspective

Original language description

Since its discovery, Aire has been the topic of numerous studies in its role as a transcriptional regulator in the thymus where it promotes the .promiscuous. expression of a large repertoire of tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs) that are normally expressed only in the immune periphery. This process occurs in specialized medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and mediates the elimination of self-reactive T cells or promotes their conversion to the Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell lineage, both of which are required for the prevention of autoimmunity. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the role of extrathymic Aire expression in peripheral organs. The focus has primarily been on the identification of the cellular source(s) and mechanism(s) by which extrathymic AIRE affects tolerance-related or other physiological processes. A cadre of OMICs tools including single cell RNA sequencing and novel transgenic models to trace Aire expression to perform lineage tracing experiments have shed light on a phenomenon that is more complex than previously thought. In this chapter, we provide a deeper analysis of how extrathymic Aire research has developed and progressed, how cellular sources were identified, and how the function of AIRE was determined. Current data suggests that extrathymic AIRE fulfills a function that differs from what has been observed in the thymus and strongly argues that its main purpose is to regulate transcriptional programs in a cell content-dependent manner. Surprisingly, there is data that also suggests a non-transcriptional role of extrathymic AIRE in the cytoplasm. We have arrived at a potential turning point that will take the field from the classical understanding of AIRE as a transcription factor in control of TRA expression to its role in immunological and non-immunological processes in the periphery.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

C - Chapter in a specialist book

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30102 - Immunology

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Book/collection name

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

ISBN

978-981-99-9780-0

Number of pages of the result

17

Pages from-to

33-49

Number of pages of the book

258

Publisher name

Springer

Place of publication

Singapore

UT code for WoS chapter

001214801200004