Effect of industrial dust on precipitation chemistry in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) from 1820 to 2013

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00025798%3A_____%2F16%3A00000095" target="_blank" >RIV/00025798:_____/16:00000095 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.017" target="_blank" >http://10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.017</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.017" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.017</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Effect of industrial dust on precipitation chemistry in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) from 1820 to 2013

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Using statistical relationships between the composition of precipitation at eight long-term monitored Central European stations and emission rates of sulphur and nitrogen compounds and industrial dust for the last 25–30 years, we modelled pH and concentrations of sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, base cations (BC), and bicarbonate in bulk precipitation back to 1850. Our model suggests that concentrations of sulphate and nitrate were similar (14–15 µeq/l) and only slightly higher than bicarbonate concentrations in 1850. Cations were dominated by ammonium and BC (24–27 µeq/l) and precipitation pH was ≥ 5.6. The carbonate buffering system was depleted around 1920 and precipitation further acidified at an exponential rate until the 1980s, when concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, chloride, ammonium and BC reached maxima of 126, 55, 16, 76, and 57 µeq/l, respectively, and pH decreased to 4.2. Dust emissions from industrial sources were an important source of BC. Without their contribution, pH would have decreased to 4.0. Since the late 1980s, concentrations of strong acid anions and BC have decreased by 46–81% (i.e. more than in Europe on average) due to a 53–93% reduction in regional emissions of sulphur and nitrogen compounds and dust from industrial sources. The present composition of precipitation is similar to that during 1850–1900, except for nitrate concentrations which are similar to those during 1926–1950. Precipitation pH now exceeds 5.0, the carbonate buffering system has been re-established, and bicarbonate has again become (after almost a century) a significant component of precipitation chemistry.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Effect of industrial dust on precipitation chemistry in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) from 1820 to 2013

Popis výsledku anglicky

Using statistical relationships between the composition of precipitation at eight long-term monitored Central European stations and emission rates of sulphur and nitrogen compounds and industrial dust for the last 25–30 years, we modelled pH and concentrations of sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride, base cations (BC), and bicarbonate in bulk precipitation back to 1850. Our model suggests that concentrations of sulphate and nitrate were similar (14–15 µeq/l) and only slightly higher than bicarbonate concentrations in 1850. Cations were dominated by ammonium and BC (24–27 µeq/l) and precipitation pH was ≥ 5.6. The carbonate buffering system was depleted around 1920 and precipitation further acidified at an exponential rate until the 1980s, when concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, chloride, ammonium and BC reached maxima of 126, 55, 16, 76, and 57 µeq/l, respectively, and pH decreased to 4.2. Dust emissions from industrial sources were an important source of BC. Without their contribution, pH would have decreased to 4.0. Since the late 1980s, concentrations of strong acid anions and BC have decreased by 46–81% (i.e. more than in Europe on average) due to a 53–93% reduction in regional emissions of sulphur and nitrogen compounds and dust from industrial sources. The present composition of precipitation is similar to that during 1850–1900, except for nitrate concentrations which are similar to those during 1926–1950. Precipitation pH now exceeds 5.0, the carbonate buffering system has been re-established, and bicarbonate has again become (after almost a century) a significant component of precipitation chemistry.

Druh

J_x - Nezařazeno - Článek v odborném periodiku (Jimp, Jsc a Jost)

CEP obor

DD - Geochemie

OECD FORD obor

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Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2016

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Water Research

ISSN

0043-1354

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

103

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

October

Stát vydavatele periodika

NL - Nizozemsko

Počet stran výsledku

8

Strana od-do

30-37

Kód UT WoS článku

000383292100004

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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