Influence of acidification caused by ammonium sulphate application on the stability of soil aggregates

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00027006%3A_____%2F22%3A10175832" target="_blank" >RIV/00027006:_____/22:10175832 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Influence of acidification caused by ammonium sulphate application on the stability of soil aggregates

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

An analysis of the impact of graduated doses of nitrogen in combination with the different straw management on the soil aggregate stability (SAS) and grain yield was carried out in the years 2018-2021. The results of the spring barley monoculture established in 1970 in Žabčice on Gley Fluvisol were used (49o01&apos; N, 16o37&apos;E, altitude 179 m, average annual temperature 9.2 oC and sum of precipitation 480 mm). The selected variants included a combination of harvested and incorporated straw with doses of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kgN/Ha in the form of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4. The SAS values found in all compared variants were high to very high (54-64 %). The effect of the evaluated cropping measures on SAS values was overlapped by a number of influences of temporal (year-on-year and sampling terms) and spatial (differences among plot replications) nature. The results of the overall evaluation for four years showed changes in SAS for the harvested straw by about 5 % between 0 N and all doses of N per Ha (30N, 60N, 90N). In the case of incorporated straw, the SAS gradually increased with increasing nitrogen dose also in the range of about 5 %. These differences between the evaluated variants are related to the results of geochemical and mineralogical analyses of soil samples. In addition to SOC content, aggregate stability is controlled by a combination of factors, primarily Feox content, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and porosity. Amorphous Fe-(oxo)hydroxides play an important role in aggregation, although their contribution to soil mass is small. The coating of Fe-(oxo)hydroxides facilitates interactions between larger mineral particles and organic matter and prevents dispersion of these particles. As the pH value decreased, the influence of Alox+Feox (oxalate extractable Al and Fe, including Al and Fe from short-range-ordered minerals - amorphous and poorly crystalline (oxo)hydroxides and alumosilicates, and Al-, Fe- organo-metal complexes) increased, and the influence of exchangeable calcium (ex. Ca2+) on SOM stabilization and aggregate stability decreases. The application of N fertilizers with ammonia, result in a decrease in CEC, a decrease in saturation with basic cations (base saturation) by decreasing the content of ex. Ca2+ (exchangeable Ca2+) and ex. Mg2+. With a relatively high content of Feox (5200 ppm) and Alox (2000 ppm) in the soil of Žabčice locality, their influence on the increase of SAS values with decreasing pH was detected. As the dose of fertilization increased, the pH decreased (from pH=5,9 to pH=5,3), and the acidification increased. Thus, the SAS values increased with decreasing pH at increasing ammonium sulphate dose, despite decreasing the ex. Ca2+ content. At lower pH, the effect of Feox + Alox on soil organic matter stabilization increased at the expense of the effect of content ex. Ca2+.In the variants with incorporated straw, barley grain yields were highly significantly higher although the SAS value in the case of fertilization doses of 30N and 60N was lower than in the case of variants with harvested straw. This indicates an important role of organic matter in influencing soil processes and soil fertility. The use of post-harvest residues, including straw, is in accordance with the Green Deal EU plans and with the current increase in the prices of nitrogen mineral fertilizers, which is a significant opportunity for solving the problems of current agricultural practice. SAS is an important indicator in the assessment of soil quality and fertility, nevertheless, SAS should always be assessed in relation to other soil properties.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Influence of acidification caused by ammonium sulphate application on the stability of soil aggregates

Popis výsledku anglicky

An analysis of the impact of graduated doses of nitrogen in combination with the different straw management on the soil aggregate stability (SAS) and grain yield was carried out in the years 2018-2021. The results of the spring barley monoculture established in 1970 in Žabčice on Gley Fluvisol were used (49o01&apos; N, 16o37&apos;E, altitude 179 m, average annual temperature 9.2 oC and sum of precipitation 480 mm). The selected variants included a combination of harvested and incorporated straw with doses of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kgN/Ha in the form of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4. The SAS values found in all compared variants were high to very high (54-64 %). The effect of the evaluated cropping measures on SAS values was overlapped by a number of influences of temporal (year-on-year and sampling terms) and spatial (differences among plot replications) nature. The results of the overall evaluation for four years showed changes in SAS for the harvested straw by about 5 % between 0 N and all doses of N per Ha (30N, 60N, 90N). In the case of incorporated straw, the SAS gradually increased with increasing nitrogen dose also in the range of about 5 %. These differences between the evaluated variants are related to the results of geochemical and mineralogical analyses of soil samples. In addition to SOC content, aggregate stability is controlled by a combination of factors, primarily Feox content, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and porosity. Amorphous Fe-(oxo)hydroxides play an important role in aggregation, although their contribution to soil mass is small. The coating of Fe-(oxo)hydroxides facilitates interactions between larger mineral particles and organic matter and prevents dispersion of these particles. As the pH value decreased, the influence of Alox+Feox (oxalate extractable Al and Fe, including Al and Fe from short-range-ordered minerals - amorphous and poorly crystalline (oxo)hydroxides and alumosilicates, and Al-, Fe- organo-metal complexes) increased, and the influence of exchangeable calcium (ex. Ca2+) on SOM stabilization and aggregate stability decreases. The application of N fertilizers with ammonia, result in a decrease in CEC, a decrease in saturation with basic cations (base saturation) by decreasing the content of ex. Ca2+ (exchangeable Ca2+) and ex. Mg2+. With a relatively high content of Feox (5200 ppm) and Alox (2000 ppm) in the soil of Žabčice locality, their influence on the increase of SAS values with decreasing pH was detected. As the dose of fertilization increased, the pH decreased (from pH=5,9 to pH=5,3), and the acidification increased. Thus, the SAS values increased with decreasing pH at increasing ammonium sulphate dose, despite decreasing the ex. Ca2+ content. At lower pH, the effect of Feox + Alox on soil organic matter stabilization increased at the expense of the effect of content ex. Ca2+.In the variants with incorporated straw, barley grain yields were highly significantly higher although the SAS value in the case of fertilization doses of 30N and 60N was lower than in the case of variants with harvested straw. This indicates an important role of organic matter in influencing soil processes and soil fertility. The use of post-harvest residues, including straw, is in accordance with the Green Deal EU plans and with the current increase in the prices of nitrogen mineral fertilizers, which is a significant opportunity for solving the problems of current agricultural practice. SAS is an important indicator in the assessment of soil quality and fertility, nevertheless, SAS should always be assessed in relation to other soil properties.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

40106 - Agronomy, plant breeding and plant protection; (Agricultural biotechnology to be 4.4)

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/QK1810186" target="_blank" >QK1810186: Zlepšení stability půdní struktury a zvýšení infiltrace pomocí agrotechnických postupů</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2022

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů