Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00027031%3A_____%2F20%3AN0000038" target="_blank" >RIV/00027031:_____/20:N0000038 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/60460709:41310/20:84383 RIV/60460709:41320/20:84383

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245660" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245660</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245660" target="_blank" >10.3390/ma13245660</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The paper investigated the torrefaction of cones from three tree species: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). The objective was to determine the effects of torrefaction temperature on the properties of cones with a view to their further use as a renewable energy source. Torrefaction was conducted at 200, 235, 275, and 320 degrees C for 60 min under an inert gas atmosphere. Elemental composition, ash content, and lower heating value (LHV) were measured for the original and torrefied samples. Torrefaction performance was evaluated using formulas for solid yield, higher heating value (HHV), HHV enhancement factor, as well as energy yield. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess elemental composition and structural changes at the surface of the torrefied material. For all the studied conifer species, the higher the torrefaction temperature, the greater the carbon and ash content and the higher the LHV (a maximum of 27.6 MJ center dot kg(-1) was recorded for spruce and larch cones torrefied at 320 degrees C). SEM images showed that an increase in process temperature from 200 to 320 degrees C led to partial decomposition of the scale surface as a result of lignin degradation. Cone scales from all tree species revealed C, O, N, Mg, K, and Si at the surface (except for pine scales, which did not contain Si). Furthermore, the higher the temperature, the higher the enhancement factor and the lower the energy yield of the torrefied biomass. Under the experimental conditions, spruce cones were characterized by the lowest weight loss, the highest HHV, and the highest energy yield, and so they are deemed the best raw material for torrefaction among the studied species.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Changes in the Composition and Surface Properties of Torrefied Conifer Cones

Popis výsledku anglicky

The paper investigated the torrefaction of cones from three tree species: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). The objective was to determine the effects of torrefaction temperature on the properties of cones with a view to their further use as a renewable energy source. Torrefaction was conducted at 200, 235, 275, and 320 degrees C for 60 min under an inert gas atmosphere. Elemental composition, ash content, and lower heating value (LHV) were measured for the original and torrefied samples. Torrefaction performance was evaluated using formulas for solid yield, higher heating value (HHV), HHV enhancement factor, as well as energy yield. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess elemental composition and structural changes at the surface of the torrefied material. For all the studied conifer species, the higher the torrefaction temperature, the greater the carbon and ash content and the higher the LHV (a maximum of 27.6 MJ center dot kg(-1) was recorded for spruce and larch cones torrefied at 320 degrees C). SEM images showed that an increase in process temperature from 200 to 320 degrees C led to partial decomposition of the scale surface as a result of lignin degradation. Cone scales from all tree species revealed C, O, N, Mg, K, and Si at the surface (except for pine scales, which did not contain Si). Furthermore, the higher the temperature, the higher the enhancement factor and the lower the energy yield of the torrefied biomass. Under the experimental conditions, spruce cones were characterized by the lowest weight loss, the highest HHV, and the highest energy yield, and so they are deemed the best raw material for torrefaction among the studied species.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20501 - Materials engineering

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2020

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Materials

ISSN

1996-1944

e-ISSN

1996-1944

Svazek periodika

13

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

24

Stát vydavatele periodika

CH - Švýcarská konfederace

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

1-14

Kód UT WoS článku

000602903000001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85097540957