Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and their association with Aβ pathology on PET in cognitively unimpaired individuals

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00064203%3A_____%2F25%3A10504777" target="_blank" >RIV/00064203:_____/25:10504777 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/00216208:11130/25:10504777

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=rtjuR0mZn6" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=rtjuR0mZn6</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-025-01844-1" target="_blank" >10.1186/s13195-025-01844-1</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and their association with Aβ pathology on PET in cognitively unimpaired individuals

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer&apos;s disease (AD) exhibits sex differences in prevalence, symptoms and risk factors. Understanding the effect of sex in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and their association with amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology in preclinical stages have important implications for their use in prevention trials. The objective of this study was to examine sex differences in core AD CSF biomarkers used in early diagnosis and prevention trials, as well as in CSF biomarkers reflecting downstream pathophysiological mechanisms, and in their associations with Aβ pathology as measured by Positron Emission Tomography (PET). METHODS: Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) participants from the ALFA + (N = 400) and the WRAP/WADRC (N = 548) cohorts were included in the study. CSF biomarkers for core AD pathology (Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181/Aβ42, p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231), neurodegeneration (NfL, t-tau), synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin, GAP-43, SNAP25, synaptotagmin-1, α-synuclein), glial reactivity (GFAP, S100B, sTREM2, YKL-40), neuroinflammation (IL-6, MCP-1), and vascular dysregulation (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) were measured. Participants underwent Aβ PET at baseline and follow-up visit. We used Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) to evaluate sex differences in CSF biomarker levels and performed sex-stratified Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses to test their performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals. Additionally, we run linear regression models to study the modifying effect of sex on the association of baseline CSF biomarkers with cross-sectional and longitudinal Aβ PET uptake. RESULTS: Men had higher CSF NfL, glial reactivity and vascular dysregulation biomarkers (Cohen&apos;s d ranging from -0.22 to -0.44, P &lt; 0.05), and lower synaptic biomarkers (Cohen&apos;s d ranging from 0.18 to 0.30, P &lt; 0.05) compared to women at baseline. There were no sex differences in the core AD CSF biomarkers&apos; performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals (DeLong&apos;s test P values &gt; 0.05), with CSF p-tau181/Aβ42 and p-tau217 showing the highest performance in both sexes (Areas Under the Curve (AUCs) ranging from 87.1 to 96.3). However, sex modified the associations of baseline CSF biomarkers with Aβ PET uptake, which were more pronounced in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that tailoring core AD CSF biomarkers by sex is not necessary for detecting Aβ PET positivity in CU individuals. However, sex differences in their association with Aβ deposition could influence their prognostic or monitoring applications.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and their association with Aβ pathology on PET in cognitively unimpaired individuals

Popis výsledku anglicky

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer&apos;s disease (AD) exhibits sex differences in prevalence, symptoms and risk factors. Understanding the effect of sex in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and their association with amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology in preclinical stages have important implications for their use in prevention trials. The objective of this study was to examine sex differences in core AD CSF biomarkers used in early diagnosis and prevention trials, as well as in CSF biomarkers reflecting downstream pathophysiological mechanisms, and in their associations with Aβ pathology as measured by Positron Emission Tomography (PET). METHODS: Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) participants from the ALFA + (N = 400) and the WRAP/WADRC (N = 548) cohorts were included in the study. CSF biomarkers for core AD pathology (Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181/Aβ42, p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231), neurodegeneration (NfL, t-tau), synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin, GAP-43, SNAP25, synaptotagmin-1, α-synuclein), glial reactivity (GFAP, S100B, sTREM2, YKL-40), neuroinflammation (IL-6, MCP-1), and vascular dysregulation (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) were measured. Participants underwent Aβ PET at baseline and follow-up visit. We used Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) to evaluate sex differences in CSF biomarker levels and performed sex-stratified Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses to test their performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals. Additionally, we run linear regression models to study the modifying effect of sex on the association of baseline CSF biomarkers with cross-sectional and longitudinal Aβ PET uptake. RESULTS: Men had higher CSF NfL, glial reactivity and vascular dysregulation biomarkers (Cohen&apos;s d ranging from -0.22 to -0.44, P &lt; 0.05), and lower synaptic biomarkers (Cohen&apos;s d ranging from 0.18 to 0.30, P &lt; 0.05) compared to women at baseline. There were no sex differences in the core AD CSF biomarkers&apos; performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals (DeLong&apos;s test P values &gt; 0.05), with CSF p-tau181/Aβ42 and p-tau217 showing the highest performance in both sexes (Areas Under the Curve (AUCs) ranging from 87.1 to 96.3). However, sex modified the associations of baseline CSF biomarkers with Aβ PET uptake, which were more pronounced in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that tailoring core AD CSF biomarkers by sex is not necessary for detecting Aβ PET positivity in CU individuals. However, sex differences in their association with Aβ deposition could influence their prognostic or monitoring applications.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30103 - Neurosciences (including psychophysiology)

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/LX22NPO5107" target="_blank" >LX22NPO5107: Národní ústav pro neurologický výzkum</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Alzheimer&apos;s Research and Therapy

ISSN

1758-9193

e-ISSN

1758-9193

Svazek periodika

17

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

1

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

15

Strana od-do

235

Kód UT WoS článku

001606424200001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105020480278