Perspectives of cannabis-based medicines in a view of pharmacokinetic studies of Δ9-THC and CBD in humans

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00159816%3A_____%2F25%3A00082550" target="_blank" >RIV/00159816:_____/25:00082550 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/00216224:14160/25:00144038

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332225008674" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332225008674</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118673" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118673</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Perspectives of cannabis-based medicines in a view of pharmacokinetic studies of Δ9-THC and CBD in humans

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The pharmacokinetic (PK) profiling of major plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids, PCs), i.e., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), is an important contribution to the search for novel therapeutic applications, optimal drug formulations and time of dosing in specific disease conditions. Final products of medicinal cannabis with dominant content of Δ9-THC or CBD or equal composition of both PCs are available in multiple formulations, and can also be administered via different routes, including inhalation (smoking/vaporization), oral consumption, or topical application. Clinical studies on healthy volunteers and patients demonstrate how dosage, route of administration, co-administered compounds, and formulation types influence PK parameters, such as Cmax, Tmax, and AUC values. This comprehensive review explores the PK and clinical applications of Δ9-THC and CBD with emphasis on the metabolism of both compounds, and therapeutic and side effects reported in preclinical and clinical trials performed in the past 5 years. In patients, both PCs demonstrate efficacy for conditions such as epilepsy, chronic pain, and anxiety. However, Δ9-THC and CBD undergo extensive hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, producing both active and inactive metabolites, with interindividual variability influenced by genetics, sex, and drug interactions. Moreover, various drug formulations, including oral, inhaled, transdermal, and oromucosal, affect the PK profile and therapeutic efficacy of each compound, although novel delivery systems (e.g., nanoformulations, inhaled powders) show promise in enhancing bioavailability. This review highlights the need for individualized dosing strategies, considering patient-specific factors, and underscores the necessity for further research into formulation development and long-term safety. (C) 2025 The Authors.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Perspectives of cannabis-based medicines in a view of pharmacokinetic studies of Δ9-THC and CBD in humans

Popis výsledku anglicky

The pharmacokinetic (PK) profiling of major plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids, PCs), i.e., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), is an important contribution to the search for novel therapeutic applications, optimal drug formulations and time of dosing in specific disease conditions. Final products of medicinal cannabis with dominant content of Δ9-THC or CBD or equal composition of both PCs are available in multiple formulations, and can also be administered via different routes, including inhalation (smoking/vaporization), oral consumption, or topical application. Clinical studies on healthy volunteers and patients demonstrate how dosage, route of administration, co-administered compounds, and formulation types influence PK parameters, such as Cmax, Tmax, and AUC values. This comprehensive review explores the PK and clinical applications of Δ9-THC and CBD with emphasis on the metabolism of both compounds, and therapeutic and side effects reported in preclinical and clinical trials performed in the past 5 years. In patients, both PCs demonstrate efficacy for conditions such as epilepsy, chronic pain, and anxiety. However, Δ9-THC and CBD undergo extensive hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, producing both active and inactive metabolites, with interindividual variability influenced by genetics, sex, and drug interactions. Moreover, various drug formulations, including oral, inhaled, transdermal, and oromucosal, affect the PK profile and therapeutic efficacy of each compound, although novel delivery systems (e.g., nanoformulations, inhaled powders) show promise in enhancing bioavailability. This review highlights the need for individualized dosing strategies, considering patient-specific factors, and underscores the necessity for further research into formulation development and long-term safety. (C) 2025 The Authors.

Druh

J_SC - Článek v periodiku v databázi SCOPUS

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30104 - Pharmacology and pharmacy

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy

ISSN

0753-3322

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

192

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

November

Stát vydavatele periodika

FR - Francouzská republika

Počet stran výsledku

27

Strana od-do

118673

Kód UT WoS článku

—

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105020851954