Association of BMI, lipid-lowering medication, and age with prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a wordwide cross-sectional study.

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00209775%3A_____%2F24%3AN0000009" target="_blank" >RIV/00209775:_____/24:N0000009 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2213-8587%2824%2900221-3" target="_blank" >https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2213-8587%2824%2900221-3</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00221-3" target="_blank" >10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00221-3</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Association of BMI, lipid-lowering medication, and age with prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a wordwide cross-sectional study.

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Summary Background Statins are the cornerstone treatment for patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia but research suggests it could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population. A low prevalence of type 2 diabetes was reported in some familial hypercholesterolaemia cohorts, raising the question of whether these patients are protected against type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a well known risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the associations of known key determinants of type 2 diabetes with its prevalence in people with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.Methods This worldwide cross-sectional study used individual-level data from the EAS FHSC registry and included adults older than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia who had data available on age, BMI, and diabetes status. Those with known or suspected homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and type 1 diabetes were excluded. The main outcome was prevalence of type 2 diabetes overall and by WHO region, and in relation to obesity (BMI ≥30∙0 kg/m²) and lipid-lowering medication as predictors. The study population was divided into 12 risk categories based on age (tertiles), obesity, and receiving statins, and the risk of type 2 diabetes was investigated using logistic regression.Findings Among 46683 adults with individual-level data in the FHSC registry, 24 784 with heterozygous familialhypercholesterolaemia were included in the analysis from 44 countries. 19818 (80%) had a genetically confirmed diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Type 2diabetes prevalence in the total population was 5·7% (1415 of 24784), with 4·1% (817 of 19818) in the genetically diagnosed cohort. Higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes was observed in the Eastern Mediterranean (58 [29·9%] of 194), South-East Asia and Western Pacific (214 [12·0%] of 1785), and the Americas (166 [8·5%] of 1955) than in Europe (excluding the Netherlands; 527 [8·0%] of 6579). Advancing age, a higher BMI category (obesity and overweight), and use of lipid-lowering medication were associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, independent of sex and LDL cholesterol. Among the 12 risk categories, the probability of developing type 2 diabetes was higher in people in the highest risk category (aged 55–98 years, with obesity, and receiving statins; OR 74∙42 [95% CI 47∙04–117∙73]) than in those in the lowest risk category (aged 18–38 years, without obesity, and not receiving statins). Those who did not have obesity, even if they were in the upper age tertile and receiving statins, had lower risk of type 2 diabetes (OR 24∙42 [15∙57–38∙31]). The corresponding results in the genetically diagnosed cohort were OR 65∙04 (40∙67–104∙02) for those with obesity in the highest risk category and OR 20∙07 (12∙73–31∙65) for those without obesity.Interpretation Adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia in most WHO regions have a higher type 2 diabetes prevalence than in Europe. Obesity markedly increases the risk of diabetes associated with age and use of statins in these patients. Our results suggest that heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia does not protect against type 2 diabetes, hence managing obesity is essential to reduce type 2 diabetes in this patien population.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Association of BMI, lipid-lowering medication, and age with prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a wordwide cross-sectional study.

Popis výsledku anglicky

Summary Background Statins are the cornerstone treatment for patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia but research suggests it could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population. A low prevalence of type 2 diabetes was reported in some familial hypercholesterolaemia cohorts, raising the question of whether these patients are protected against type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a well known risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the associations of known key determinants of type 2 diabetes with its prevalence in people with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.Methods This worldwide cross-sectional study used individual-level data from the EAS FHSC registry and included adults older than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia who had data available on age, BMI, and diabetes status. Those with known or suspected homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and type 1 diabetes were excluded. The main outcome was prevalence of type 2 diabetes overall and by WHO region, and in relation to obesity (BMI ≥30∙0 kg/m²) and lipid-lowering medication as predictors. The study population was divided into 12 risk categories based on age (tertiles), obesity, and receiving statins, and the risk of type 2 diabetes was investigated using logistic regression.Findings Among 46683 adults with individual-level data in the FHSC registry, 24 784 with heterozygous familialhypercholesterolaemia were included in the analysis from 44 countries. 19818 (80%) had a genetically confirmed diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Type 2diabetes prevalence in the total population was 5·7% (1415 of 24784), with 4·1% (817 of 19818) in the genetically diagnosed cohort. Higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes was observed in the Eastern Mediterranean (58 [29·9%] of 194), South-East Asia and Western Pacific (214 [12·0%] of 1785), and the Americas (166 [8·5%] of 1955) than in Europe (excluding the Netherlands; 527 [8·0%] of 6579). Advancing age, a higher BMI category (obesity and overweight), and use of lipid-lowering medication were associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, independent of sex and LDL cholesterol. Among the 12 risk categories, the probability of developing type 2 diabetes was higher in people in the highest risk category (aged 55–98 years, with obesity, and receiving statins; OR 74∙42 [95% CI 47∙04–117∙73]) than in those in the lowest risk category (aged 18–38 years, without obesity, and not receiving statins). Those who did not have obesity, even if they were in the upper age tertile and receiving statins, had lower risk of type 2 diabetes (OR 24∙42 [15∙57–38∙31]). The corresponding results in the genetically diagnosed cohort were OR 65∙04 (40∙67–104∙02) for those with obesity in the highest risk category and OR 20∙07 (12∙73–31∙65) for those without obesity.Interpretation Adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia in most WHO regions have a higher type 2 diabetes prevalence than in Europe. Obesity markedly increases the risk of diabetes associated with age and use of statins in these patients. Our results suggest that heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia does not protect against type 2 diabetes, hence managing obesity is essential to reduce type 2 diabetes in this patien population.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30230 - Other clinical medicine subjects

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2024

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

The lancet diabetes a endocrinology

ISSN

2213-8587

e-ISSN

2213-8595

Svazek periodika

12

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

12

Stát vydavatele periodika

NL - Nizozemsko

Počet stran výsledku

12

Strana od-do

811-23

Kód UT WoS článku

001381420900001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85207124416