Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Is There a Need For a New Paradigm?

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11220%2F25%3A10505966" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11220/25:10505966 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=0BrfDS0LBg" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=0BrfDS0LBg</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Is There a Need For a New Paradigm?

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical practice raises pressing questions for civil liability law. While AI systems promise enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, their autonomous and opaque black box nature poses unique legal challenges. This paper investigates whether existing tort law frameworks, particularly within the Czech legal system, are sufficient to address harms caused by medical AI. It systematically analyses three core liability regimes: breach of the standard of care, strict liability based on a defect of a thing or product, and liability for damage caused by a thing in and of itself. The authors argue that, although each presents interpretive and evidentiary difficulties in the context of AI, none is fundamentally unfit for addressing AI-related harms. Instead of advocating for a wholly new legal regime or the creation of a fictive electronic person, the paper supports a cautious evolution of existing doctrines, refined through case law, medical guidelines, and professional standards. Special attention is given to the distinction between certified medical AI devices and general-purpose systems like large language models. The authors also explore the implications of EU legislation, notably the AI Act. The paper concludes that legal conservatism, rooted in pragmatism, may serve the justice system best as the practical use of AI in medicine continues to unfold.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Is There a Need For a New Paradigm?

Popis výsledku anglicky

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical practice raises pressing questions for civil liability law. While AI systems promise enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, their autonomous and opaque black box nature poses unique legal challenges. This paper investigates whether existing tort law frameworks, particularly within the Czech legal system, are sufficient to address harms caused by medical AI. It systematically analyses three core liability regimes: breach of the standard of care, strict liability based on a defect of a thing or product, and liability for damage caused by a thing in and of itself. The authors argue that, although each presents interpretive and evidentiary difficulties in the context of AI, none is fundamentally unfit for addressing AI-related harms. Instead of advocating for a wholly new legal regime or the creation of a fictive electronic person, the paper supports a cautious evolution of existing doctrines, refined through case law, medical guidelines, and professional standards. Special attention is given to the distinction between certified medical AI devices and general-purpose systems like large language models. The authors also explore the implications of EU legislation, notably the AI Act. The paper concludes that legal conservatism, rooted in pragmatism, may serve the justice system best as the practical use of AI in medicine continues to unfold.

Druh

J_SC - Článek v periodiku v databázi SCOPUS

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

50501 - Law

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

The Lawyer Quarterly

ISSN

1805-8396

e-ISSN

1805-840X

Svazek periodika

15

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

4

Stát vydavatele periodika

CZ - Česká republika

Počet stran výsledku

21

Strana od-do

464-484

Kód UT WoS článku

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EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105025914996