Error Management Theory and biased first impressions: How do people perceive potential mates under conditions of uncertainty?

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11310%2F22%3A10436425" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11310/22:10436425 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=BcWVNz4uQ3" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=BcWVNz4uQ3</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.10.001" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.10.001</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Error Management Theory and biased first impressions: How do people perceive potential mates under conditions of uncertainty?

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

eople must make inferences about a potential mate&apos;s desirability based on incomplete information. Under such uncertainty, there are two possible errors: people could overperceive a mate&apos;s desirability, which might lead to regrettable mating behavior, or they could underperceive the mate&apos;s desirability, which might lead to missing a valuable opportunity. How do people balance the risks of these errors, and do men and women respond differently? Based on an analysis of the relative costs of these two types of error, we generated two new hypotheses about biases in initial person perception: the Male Overperception of Attractiveness Bias (MOAB) and the Female Underperception of Attractive Bias (FUAB). Participants (N = 398), who were recruited via social media, an email distribution list, and snowball sampling, rated the attractiveness of unfamiliar opposite-sex targets twice: once from a blurred image, and once from a clear image. By randomizing order of presentation (blurred first vs. clear first), we isolated the unique effects of uncertainty-which was only present when the participant saw the blurred image first. As predicted, men overperceived women&apos;s attractiveness, on average. By contrast, as predicted, women underperceived men&apos;s attractiveness, on average. Because multiple possible decision rules could produce these effects, the effects do not reveal the algorithm responsible for them. We explicitly addressed this level of analysis by identifying multiple candidate algorithms and testing the divergent predictions they yield. This suggested the existence of more nuanced biases: men overperceived the attractiveness of unattractive (but not attractive) women, whereas women underperceived the attractiveness of attractive (but not unattractive) men. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating algorithm in analyses of cognitive biases.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Error Management Theory and biased first impressions: How do people perceive potential mates under conditions of uncertainty?

Popis výsledku anglicky

eople must make inferences about a potential mate&apos;s desirability based on incomplete information. Under such uncertainty, there are two possible errors: people could overperceive a mate&apos;s desirability, which might lead to regrettable mating behavior, or they could underperceive the mate&apos;s desirability, which might lead to missing a valuable opportunity. How do people balance the risks of these errors, and do men and women respond differently? Based on an analysis of the relative costs of these two types of error, we generated two new hypotheses about biases in initial person perception: the Male Overperception of Attractiveness Bias (MOAB) and the Female Underperception of Attractive Bias (FUAB). Participants (N = 398), who were recruited via social media, an email distribution list, and snowball sampling, rated the attractiveness of unfamiliar opposite-sex targets twice: once from a blurred image, and once from a clear image. By randomizing order of presentation (blurred first vs. clear first), we isolated the unique effects of uncertainty-which was only present when the participant saw the blurred image first. As predicted, men overperceived women&apos;s attractiveness, on average. By contrast, as predicted, women underperceived men&apos;s attractiveness, on average. Because multiple possible decision rules could produce these effects, the effects do not reveal the algorithm responsible for them. We explicitly addressed this level of analysis by identifying multiple candidate algorithms and testing the divergent predictions they yield. This suggested the existence of more nuanced biases: men overperceived the attractiveness of unattractive (but not attractive) women, whereas women underperceived the attractiveness of attractive (but not unattractive) men. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating algorithm in analyses of cognitive biases.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10602 - Biology (theoretical, mathematical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), Evolutionary biology

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach

Rok uplatnění

2022

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Evolution and Human Behavior

ISSN

1090-5138

e-ISSN

1879-0607

Svazek periodika

43

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

2

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

10

Strana od-do

87-96

Kód UT WoS článku

000758675600001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85121767057