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Relevance-based processing : Little role for task-relevant expectations

Identifikátory výsledku

  • Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

    <a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14230%2F19%3A00110523" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14230/19:00110523 - isvavai.cz</a>

  • Výsledek na webu

    <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13423-019-01600-1" target="_blank" >https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13423-019-01600-1</a>

  • DOI - Digital Object Identifier

    <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01600-1" target="_blank" >10.3758/s13423-019-01600-1</a>

Alternativní jazyky

  • Jazyk výsledku

    angličtina

  • Název v původním jazyce

    Relevance-based processing : Little role for task-relevant expectations

  • Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

    This study examined the role of advance expectations in generating relevance-based selection, using a version of cognitive “blindness” that is driven solely by task relevance. With this irrelevance-induced blindness, participants often fail to report a feature of an irrelevant stimulus, even though the levels of perceptual and cognitive load are minimal (i.e., capacity limitations are not met). Hence, with this phenomenon, selection is based solely on task relevance. In two experiments, we examined such relevance-based selection with a new paradigm in which the participants had to report the location of an object appearing on one of two rings. Critically, while in Experiment 1 the participants could form advance expectations regarding the (ir) relevant stimuli, because the location of the relevant ring and the shape and color of the relevant object were known in advance, in Experiment 2 no concrete advance expectations could be formed. This was established by varying randomly, from trial to trial, the shape, color, and location of relevant and irrelevant stimuli. We found strong irrelevance-induced blindness in both experiments, regardless of whether or not advance expectations were formed. These findings suggest that advance expectations, at least with regard to the task-relevant stimulus’ location shape or color, are not necessary for irrelevance-induced blindness to occur; more generally, this implies that such expectations do not play a critical role in selection processes that are based solely on task relevance. We further discuss these findings in the context of Garnerian and Posnerian selection, and their relationship to visual awareness.

  • Název v anglickém jazyce

    Relevance-based processing : Little role for task-relevant expectations

  • Popis výsledku anglicky

    This study examined the role of advance expectations in generating relevance-based selection, using a version of cognitive “blindness” that is driven solely by task relevance. With this irrelevance-induced blindness, participants often fail to report a feature of an irrelevant stimulus, even though the levels of perceptual and cognitive load are minimal (i.e., capacity limitations are not met). Hence, with this phenomenon, selection is based solely on task relevance. In two experiments, we examined such relevance-based selection with a new paradigm in which the participants had to report the location of an object appearing on one of two rings. Critically, while in Experiment 1 the participants could form advance expectations regarding the (ir) relevant stimuli, because the location of the relevant ring and the shape and color of the relevant object were known in advance, in Experiment 2 no concrete advance expectations could be formed. This was established by varying randomly, from trial to trial, the shape, color, and location of relevant and irrelevant stimuli. We found strong irrelevance-induced blindness in both experiments, regardless of whether or not advance expectations were formed. These findings suggest that advance expectations, at least with regard to the task-relevant stimulus’ location shape or color, are not necessary for irrelevance-induced blindness to occur; more generally, this implies that such expectations do not play a critical role in selection processes that are based solely on task relevance. We further discuss these findings in the context of Garnerian and Posnerian selection, and their relationship to visual awareness.

Klasifikace

  • Druh

    J<sub>imp</sub> - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

  • CEP obor

  • OECD FORD obor

    50100 - Psychology and cognitive sciences

Návaznosti výsledku

  • Projekt

  • Návaznosti

    I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Ostatní

  • Rok uplatnění

    2019

  • Kód důvěrnosti údajů

    S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Údaje specifické pro druh výsledku

  • Název periodika

    Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

  • ISSN

    1069-9384

  • e-ISSN

    1531-5320

  • Svazek periodika

    26

  • Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

    4

  • Stát vydavatele periodika

    US - Spojené státy americké

  • Počet stran výsledku

    7

  • Strana od-do

    1426-1432

  • Kód UT WoS článku

    000482783800030

  • EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

    2-s2.0-85071510909