Neglected taxa shed light on the diversity and evolution of parasitism strategies in Apicomplexa

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Neglected taxa shed light on the diversity and evolution of parasitism strategies in Apicomplexa

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Apicomplexa is a group of very successful parasitic protists, occurring in a wide spectrum of invertebrates and vertebrates. It is assumed that ancestral apicomplexans parasitised marine annelids and then spread to other marine invertebrates followed by freshwater and terrestrial invertebrates, and finally vertebrates. They have evolved unique adaptations for invading and surviving within hosts. This is especially true for the enormously diversified deep-branching groups, which in various ways realise the extracellular, epicellular and intracellular parasitism in different organs and cavities of invertebrates and vertebrates. Basal lineages differ from other Apicomplexa in that their large trophozoites and gamonts are usually motile and their locomotion differs from substrate-dependent, actin/myosin-based gliding described for highly motile apicomplexan zoites. They use several motility mechanisms that represent specific adaptations to parasitism in different environments. In general, apicomplexans demonstrate two main determinative evolutionary trends: i) the origination of epicellular parasitism (gregarines, protococcidia and cryptosporidia), with significant modifications to the attachment apparatus and motility mode at the trophozoite stage; and ii) origination of intracellular parasitism (coccidia and Aconoidasida), accompanied by rejection of trophozoite polarity and motility. We propose a possible scenario for emergence of parasitism in Apicomplexa, where evolution progressed from myzocytotic predation ("cellular vampirism”) to myzocytotic extracellular parasitism, and finally to intracellular parasitism.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Neglected taxa shed light on the diversity and evolution of parasitism strategies in Apicomplexa

Popis výsledku anglicky

Apicomplexa is a group of very successful parasitic protists, occurring in a wide spectrum of invertebrates and vertebrates. It is assumed that ancestral apicomplexans parasitised marine annelids and then spread to other marine invertebrates followed by freshwater and terrestrial invertebrates, and finally vertebrates. They have evolved unique adaptations for invading and surviving within hosts. This is especially true for the enormously diversified deep-branching groups, which in various ways realise the extracellular, epicellular and intracellular parasitism in different organs and cavities of invertebrates and vertebrates. Basal lineages differ from other Apicomplexa in that their large trophozoites and gamonts are usually motile and their locomotion differs from substrate-dependent, actin/myosin-based gliding described for highly motile apicomplexan zoites. They use several motility mechanisms that represent specific adaptations to parasitism in different environments. In general, apicomplexans demonstrate two main determinative evolutionary trends: i) the origination of epicellular parasitism (gregarines, protococcidia and cryptosporidia), with significant modifications to the attachment apparatus and motility mode at the trophozoite stage; and ii) origination of intracellular parasitism (coccidia and Aconoidasida), accompanied by rejection of trophozoite polarity and motility. We propose a possible scenario for emergence of parasitism in Apicomplexa, where evolution progressed from myzocytotic predation ("cellular vampirism”) to myzocytotic extracellular parasitism, and finally to intracellular parasitism.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

10613 - Zoology

Projekt

Výsledek vznikl pri realizaci vícero projektů. Více informací v záložce Projekty.

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2024

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů