Secure Certification of Mixed Quantum States with Application to Two-Party Randomness Generation

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14330%2F18%3A00118583" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14330/18:00118583 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03810-6_11" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03810-6_11</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03810-6_11" target="_blank" >10.1007/978-3-030-03810-6_11</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Secure Certification of Mixed Quantum States with Application to Two-Party Randomness Generation

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

We investigate sampling procedures that certify that an arbitrary quantum state on n subsystems is close to an ideal mixed state phi(circle times n) for a given reference state phi, up to errors on a few positions. This task makes no sense classically: it would correspond to certifying that a given bitstring was generated according to some desired probability distribution. However, in the quantum case, this is possible if one has access to a prover who can supply a purification of the mixed state. In this work, we introduce the concept of mixed-state certification, and we show that a natural sampling protocol offers secure certification in the presence of a possibly dishonest prover: if the verifier accepts then he can be almost certain that the state in question has been correctly prepared, up to a small number of errors. We then apply this result to two-party quantum coin-tossing. Given that strong coin tossing is impossible, it is natural to ask "how close can we get". This question has been well studied and is nowadays well understood from the perspective of the bias of individual coin tosses. We approach and answer this question from a different-and somewhat orthogonal-perspective, where we do not look at individual coin tosses but at the global entropy instead. We show how two distrusting parties can produce a common high-entropy source, where the entropy is an arbitrarily small fraction below the maximum.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Secure Certification of Mixed Quantum States with Application to Two-Party Randomness Generation

Popis výsledku anglicky

We investigate sampling procedures that certify that an arbitrary quantum state on n subsystems is close to an ideal mixed state phi(circle times n) for a given reference state phi, up to errors on a few positions. This task makes no sense classically: it would correspond to certifying that a given bitstring was generated according to some desired probability distribution. However, in the quantum case, this is possible if one has access to a prover who can supply a purification of the mixed state. In this work, we introduce the concept of mixed-state certification, and we show that a natural sampling protocol offers secure certification in the presence of a possibly dishonest prover: if the verifier accepts then he can be almost certain that the state in question has been correctly prepared, up to a small number of errors. We then apply this result to two-party quantum coin-tossing. Given that strong coin tossing is impossible, it is natural to ask "how close can we get". This question has been well studied and is nowadays well understood from the perspective of the bias of individual coin tosses. We approach and answer this question from a different-and somewhat orthogonal-perspective, where we do not look at individual coin tosses but at the global entropy instead. We show how two distrusting parties can produce a common high-entropy source, where the entropy is an arbitrarily small fraction below the maximum.

Druh

D - Stať ve sborníku

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10201 - Computer sciences, information science, bioinformathics (hardware development to be 2.2, social aspect to be 5.8)

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2018

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název statě ve sborníku

16th International Theory of Cryptography Conference (TCC 2018)

ISBN

9783030038090

ISSN

0302-9743

e-ISSN

1611-3349

Počet stran výsledku

33

Strana od-do

282-314

Název nakladatele

Springer

Místo vydání

Cham

Místo konání akce

Cham

Datum konání akce

1. 1. 2018

Typ akce podle státní příslušnosti

CST - Celostátní akce

Kód UT WoS článku

000594194600011