Low energy availability and its impact on bone health and metabolism in athletes: a narrative review

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00843989%3A_____%2F25%3AE0112137" target="_blank" >RIV/00843989:_____/25:E0112137 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/61988987:17110/25:A2603COR

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.935749" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.935749</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.935749" target="_blank" >10.33549/physiolres.935749</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Low energy availability and its impact on bone health and metabolism in athletes: a narrative review

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Low energy availability (LEA) is a recognized risk factor that affects the health and performance of athletes. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the relationship between LEA, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and bone mineral density (BMD). It focuses on the applicability of the RMR ratio as an indicator of metabolic adaptation to energy deficiency and analyzes the associations between energy availability and skeletal health outcomes. This narrative review demonstrates that reduced energy availability is related to a decrease in the RMR ratio and hormonal alterations characteristic of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Furthermore, prolonged LEA has been associated with impairments in bone metabolism and lower Z-scores, particularly among endurance and aesthetic athletes. However, the findings also suggest that the impact of LEA on BMD may be modulated by sport-specific loading patterns and additional individual factors. Considerable methodological heterogeneity between studies limits the direct comparability of the results, highlighting the need for standardization in the evaluation of EA, RMR, and BMD. This review emphasizes the importance of comprehensive screening strategies combining nutritional, metabolic, hormonal, and skeletal markers for early identification of the risk of RED-S. Future research should prioritize longitudinal designs to better understand the dynamics of metabolic and skeletal changes in response to fluctuations in energy availability.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Low energy availability and its impact on bone health and metabolism in athletes: a narrative review

Popis výsledku anglicky

Low energy availability (LEA) is a recognized risk factor that affects the health and performance of athletes. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the relationship between LEA, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and bone mineral density (BMD). It focuses on the applicability of the RMR ratio as an indicator of metabolic adaptation to energy deficiency and analyzes the associations between energy availability and skeletal health outcomes. This narrative review demonstrates that reduced energy availability is related to a decrease in the RMR ratio and hormonal alterations characteristic of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Furthermore, prolonged LEA has been associated with impairments in bone metabolism and lower Z-scores, particularly among endurance and aesthetic athletes. However, the findings also suggest that the impact of LEA on BMD may be modulated by sport-specific loading patterns and additional individual factors. Considerable methodological heterogeneity between studies limits the direct comparability of the results, highlighting the need for standardization in the evaluation of EA, RMR, and BMD. This review emphasizes the importance of comprehensive screening strategies combining nutritional, metabolic, hormonal, and skeletal markers for early identification of the risk of RED-S. Future research should prioritize longitudinal designs to better understand the dynamics of metabolic and skeletal changes in response to fluctuations in energy availability.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30308 - Nutrition, Dietetics

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Physiological research

ISSN

0862-8408

e-ISSN

1802-9973

Svazek periodika

74

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

suppl.1

Stát vydavatele periodika

CZ - Česká republika

Počet stran výsledku

1

Strana od-do

s19-s35

Kód UT WoS článku

001690902000002

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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