On farm conservation of fruit genetic resources

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F25271121%3A_____%2F21%3AN0000014" target="_blank" >RIV/25271121:_____/21:N0000014 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1307.20 " target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1307.20 </a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1307.20 " target="_blank" >10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1307.20 </a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

On farm conservation of fruit genetic resources

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The evolution of fruit cultivars is a spontaneous process influenced by many factors and growing traditions. It consists of an initial historic phase of unconscious selection by growers for several hundred or thousand years, followed by intentional selection by breeders in successive breeding steps. Traditional fruit landraces represent a valuable part of genetic diversity, because they differ from their wild progenitors morphologically and genetically and they are not influenced by narrowing of genetic base in modern breeding programmes. Old landraces are usually specific for a county and represent also a cultural heritage of a particular nation. The long-term security of fruit genetic resources collections requires their conservation by several techniques. On farm conservation is an alternative method for preservation of fruit genetic resources in indigenous areas. This method is currently investigated and applied at the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd. (RBIPH). Three on farm plantations KRNAP Vrchlabi, “Orchard of Reconciliation” Neratov, and National park Sumava were successfully established in cooperation with RBIPH. At present, there are mostly apple, pear, plum and sweet cherry landraces in these plantations. For the longevity of the plantation, seedling rootstocks were used for production of planting material. On farm collections comprise plants representing a diversity of genes and gene combinations for particular traits for each preserved fruit species. For efficient use of this biodiversity source, comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic characters is carried out by the RBIPH. This approach appears to be a promising method as a duplicate long-term conservation method.

Název v anglickém jazyce

On farm conservation of fruit genetic resources

Popis výsledku anglicky

The evolution of fruit cultivars is a spontaneous process influenced by many factors and growing traditions. It consists of an initial historic phase of unconscious selection by growers for several hundred or thousand years, followed by intentional selection by breeders in successive breeding steps. Traditional fruit landraces represent a valuable part of genetic diversity, because they differ from their wild progenitors morphologically and genetically and they are not influenced by narrowing of genetic base in modern breeding programmes. Old landraces are usually specific for a county and represent also a cultural heritage of a particular nation. The long-term security of fruit genetic resources collections requires their conservation by several techniques. On farm conservation is an alternative method for preservation of fruit genetic resources in indigenous areas. This method is currently investigated and applied at the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd. (RBIPH). Three on farm plantations KRNAP Vrchlabi, “Orchard of Reconciliation” Neratov, and National park Sumava were successfully established in cooperation with RBIPH. At present, there are mostly apple, pear, plum and sweet cherry landraces in these plantations. For the longevity of the plantation, seedling rootstocks were used for production of planting material. On farm collections comprise plants representing a diversity of genes and gene combinations for particular traits for each preserved fruit species. For efficient use of this biodiversity source, comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic characters is carried out by the RBIPH. This approach appears to be a promising method as a duplicate long-term conservation method.

Druh

D - Stať ve sborníku

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

40105 - Horticulture, viticulture

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/LO1608" target="_blank" >LO1608: Výzkumné ovocnářské centrum</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2021

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název statě ve sborníku

Acta Horticulturae, XV EUCARPIA Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics

ISBN

—

ISSN

0567-7572

e-ISSN

—

Počet stran výsledku

4

Strana od-do

127-130

Název nakladatele

ISHS

Místo vydání

Leuven

Místo konání akce

Praha

Datum konání akce

3. 6. 2019

Typ akce podle státní příslušnosti

WRD - Celosvětová akce

Kód UT WoS článku

000948137200019