Maximizing Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation by Using Nanofibre Membranes

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F28676092%3A_____%2F16%3AN0000054" target="_blank" >RIV/28676092:_____/16:N0000054 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Maximizing Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation by Using Nanofibre Membranes

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging separation technology, whose largest potential lies in desalination of highly concentrated solutions, which cannot be treated by reverse osmosis (RO). Despite many attractive features, MD is still waiting for a large-scale industrial application, owing to low fluxes when compared to RO. MD is a thermal process, driven by a partial vapor pressure difference between a hot feed and a cold distillate. The ideal membrane would have maximum transmembrane flux, distillate purity and thermal efficiency, but these conflicting requirements are limited by pore size, membrane hydrophobicity and thickness. Nanofibre membranes may offer a solution thanks to their fascinating surface to volume ratio, attractive in applications where high porosity is desirable. Electrospun PVDF nanofibre membranes were tested at various conditions on a direct-contact (DCMD) unit, in order to find optimum properties, mainly membrane thickness and lamination parameters. In addition, the performance was compared to commonly available film PTFE, PE and PES membranes. It was observed that at high recirculation velocity, very thin nanofibre membranes can have nearly 30 % higher fluxes that the best reference membranes, but it comes at a cost of higher energy losses via conduction across the membrane. The salt retention of all but one membrane was above 99 %. Considering that DCMD is the least energy efficient configuration, nanofibre membranes show a promising way to achieve high fluxes with MD. As both mass and heat transfer are connected, it is best to develop new membranes with target application in mind, for the specific membrane module and operational conditions.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Maximizing Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation by Using Nanofibre Membranes

Popis výsledku anglicky

Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging separation technology, whose largest potential lies in desalination of highly concentrated solutions, which cannot be treated by reverse osmosis (RO). Despite many attractive features, MD is still waiting for a large-scale industrial application, owing to low fluxes when compared to RO. MD is a thermal process, driven by a partial vapor pressure difference between a hot feed and a cold distillate. The ideal membrane would have maximum transmembrane flux, distillate purity and thermal efficiency, but these conflicting requirements are limited by pore size, membrane hydrophobicity and thickness. Nanofibre membranes may offer a solution thanks to their fascinating surface to volume ratio, attractive in applications where high porosity is desirable. Electrospun PVDF nanofibre membranes were tested at various conditions on a direct-contact (DCMD) unit, in order to find optimum properties, mainly membrane thickness and lamination parameters. In addition, the performance was compared to commonly available film PTFE, PE and PES membranes. It was observed that at high recirculation velocity, very thin nanofibre membranes can have nearly 30 % higher fluxes that the best reference membranes, but it comes at a cost of higher energy losses via conduction across the membrane. The salt retention of all but one membrane was above 99 %. Considering that DCMD is the least energy efficient configuration, nanofibre membranes show a promising way to achieve high fluxes with MD. As both mass and heat transfer are connected, it is best to develop new membranes with target application in mind, for the specific membrane module and operational conditions.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

JP - Průmyslové procesy a zpracování

OECD FORD obor

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Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/LO1418" target="_blank" >LO1418: Progresivní rozvoj Membránového inovačního centra</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2016

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

C - Předmět řešení projektu podléhá obchodnímu tajemství (§ 504 Občanského zákoníku), ale název projektu, cíle projektu a u ukončeného nebo zastaveného projektu zhodnocení výsledku řešení projektu (údaje P03, P04, P15, P19, P29, PN8) dodané do CEP, jsou upraveny tak, aby byly zveřejnitelné.