Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F46747885%3A24620%2F16%3A00002619" target="_blank" >RIV/46747885:24620/16:00002619 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26682775" target="_blank" >http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26682775</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04105" target="_blank" >10.1021/acs.est.5b04105</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Exhaust emissions of 23 individual city busesrnat Euro III, Euro IV and EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels were easured by thernchasing method under real-world conditions at a depot area and on the normal route of bus line 24 in Helsinki. The buses represented different technologies from the viewpoint of engines, exhaust after-treatment systems (ATS) and fuels. Some of the EEV buses were fueled by diesel, diesel-electric, ethanol (RED95) and compressed natural gas (CNG). At the depot area the emission factors were in the range of 0.3-21 × 1014 # (kg fuel)−1, 6−40 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.004−0.88 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.004−0.56 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.01−1.2 g (kg fuel)−1, for particle number (EFN), nitrogen oxides (EFNOx), black carbon (EFBC), organics (EFOrg), and particle mass (EFPM1), respectively. The highest particulate emissions were observed from the Euro III and Euro IV buses and the lowest from the ethanol and CNG-fueled buses, which emitted BC only during acceleration. The organics emitted from the CNG-fueled buses were clearly less oxidized compared to the other bus types. The bus line experiments showed that lowest emissions were obtained from the ethanol-fueled buses whereas large variation existed between individual buses of the same type indicating that the operating conditions by drivers had large effect on the emissions.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Real-World Particle Number and Mass Emissions from City Buses in Finland

Popis výsledku anglicky

Exhaust emissions of 23 individual city busesrnat Euro III, Euro IV and EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels were easured by thernchasing method under real-world conditions at a depot area and on the normal route of bus line 24 in Helsinki. The buses represented different technologies from the viewpoint of engines, exhaust after-treatment systems (ATS) and fuels. Some of the EEV buses were fueled by diesel, diesel-electric, ethanol (RED95) and compressed natural gas (CNG). At the depot area the emission factors were in the range of 0.3-21 × 1014 # (kg fuel)−1, 6−40 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.004−0.88 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.004−0.56 g (kg fuel)−1, 0.01−1.2 g (kg fuel)−1, for particle number (EFN), nitrogen oxides (EFNOx), black carbon (EFBC), organics (EFOrg), and particle mass (EFPM1), respectively. The highest particulate emissions were observed from the Euro III and Euro IV buses and the lowest from the ethanol and CNG-fueled buses, which emitted BC only during acceleration. The organics emitted from the CNG-fueled buses were clearly less oxidized compared to the other bus types. The bus line experiments showed that lowest emissions were obtained from the ethanol-fueled buses whereas large variation existed between individual buses of the same type indicating that the operating conditions by drivers had large effect on the emissions.

Druh

J_x - Nezařazeno - Článek v odborném periodiku (Jimp, Jsc a Jost)

CEP obor

JT - Pohon, motory a paliva

OECD FORD obor

—

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/ED0005%2F01%2F01" target="_blank" >ED0005/01/01: Centrum pro nanomateriály, pokrocilé technologie a inovace</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2016

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Environmental Science and Technology

ISSN

0013-936X

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

50

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

1

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

11

Strana od-do

294-304

Kód UT WoS článku

000367866300034

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-84953432299