Are “Brain-Dead” Patients Real Cadavers?: “Brain Death” from the Viewpoint of Iranian Shiʿi fiqh and Culture in Iran

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F49777513%3A23330%2F23%3A43967726" target="_blank" >RIV/49777513:23330/23:43967726 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Organ-Donation-Islam-Interplay-Jurisprudence/dp/1666909912" target="_blank" >https://www.amazon.com/Organ-Donation-Islam-Interplay-Jurisprudence/dp/1666909912</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

—

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Are “Brain-Dead” Patients Real Cadavers?: “Brain Death” from the Viewpoint of Iranian Shiʿi fiqh and Culture in Iran

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The chapter deals with the issue of the brain death. It shows the difference in perception of death in the terms of common sense (‘urf ‘āmm) and special / expert (‘urf khāṣṣ) judgment, which is particularly necessary in determining the status of patients with acute brain damage (either traumatic or non-traumatic). It addresses the basic dispute on whether the neurological criterion (brain activity) or the circulatory criterion (heart beating) is essential for determining human death. Furthermore, it will show which Iranian Shi‘i marāji‘ at-taqlīd support which of these two theories; it assesses their legal arguments for both theories and considers whether these arguments are based solely on the jurisprudential basis or involves philosophical reasoning as well. Differences between the states of acute brain damage will be defined, in particular the uncertainties about the precise determination of brain death (complete destruction of the brain structure, brain stem death, or neocortical death) and if these differences are included in Shi‘i fiqh considerations.The Iranian Parliament confirmed the Brain Death and Organ Transplantation Act in 2000 and implemented it in 2002. The discussion between supporters and opponents of this legalization will be presented, highlighting the main concerns and problems.The second part of the contribution focuses on brain death and organ transplantation culture in the city of Qom, Iran. It describes the examinations and tests used to determine brain death in Iran (in which the author participated in Sayyid Beheshti Hospital in Qom). It also shows the main problems that the Qom Brain Death and Transplantation Centre faces, especially the process of obtaining family consent to organ donation, the impact of marāji‘ on their decisions, the issue of inviolability of the dead body after donation, and more.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Are “Brain-Dead” Patients Real Cadavers?: “Brain Death” from the Viewpoint of Iranian Shiʿi fiqh and Culture in Iran

Popis výsledku anglicky

The chapter deals with the issue of the brain death. It shows the difference in perception of death in the terms of common sense (‘urf ‘āmm) and special / expert (‘urf khāṣṣ) judgment, which is particularly necessary in determining the status of patients with acute brain damage (either traumatic or non-traumatic). It addresses the basic dispute on whether the neurological criterion (brain activity) or the circulatory criterion (heart beating) is essential for determining human death. Furthermore, it will show which Iranian Shi‘i marāji‘ at-taqlīd support which of these two theories; it assesses their legal arguments for both theories and considers whether these arguments are based solely on the jurisprudential basis or involves philosophical reasoning as well. Differences between the states of acute brain damage will be defined, in particular the uncertainties about the precise determination of brain death (complete destruction of the brain structure, brain stem death, or neocortical death) and if these differences are included in Shi‘i fiqh considerations.The Iranian Parliament confirmed the Brain Death and Organ Transplantation Act in 2000 and implemented it in 2002. The discussion between supporters and opponents of this legalization will be presented, highlighting the main concerns and problems.The second part of the contribution focuses on brain death and organ transplantation culture in the city of Qom, Iran. It describes the examinations and tests used to determine brain death in Iran (in which the author participated in Sayyid Beheshti Hospital in Qom). It also shows the main problems that the Qom Brain Death and Transplantation Centre faces, especially the process of obtaining family consent to organ donation, the impact of marāji‘ on their decisions, the issue of inviolability of the dead body after donation, and more.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

50404 - Anthropology, ethnology

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach

Rok uplatnění

2023

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Organ Donation in Islam: The interplay of jurisprudence, ethics, and society

ISBN

978-1-66690-991-3

Počet stran výsledku

25

Strana od-do

173-197

Počet stran knihy

434

Název nakladatele

Lexington Books

Místo vydání

New York

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

—