Immune response of common carp to presporogonic development of myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F19%3A00521060" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/19:00521060 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050464819305157" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050464819305157</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Immune response of common carp to presporogonic development of myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

phaerospora molnari is a myxozoan parasite causing skin and gill sphaerosporosis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Central Europe. Prior to spore formation, multicellular proliferative stages of S. molnari circulate for several weeks in the vascular system of its host despite the array of humoral and cellular immune effector mechanisms. Using our laboratory infection model, we aimed to elucidate the kinetics of presporogonic development of S. molnari, while simultaneously analyze the immune responses over a period of 63 days. The obtained results identified two peaks of acute parasitemia on day 28 and 42 respectively. Unexpectedly, the highest parasite load was detected in the liver, a previously unknown localization of S. molnari. In response to the infection, the immune system induced dynamic changes in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with a predominant role of IL-10 reaching up to 1456 fold increase compared to control fish. The haematological analysis revealed a steady increase in the number of lymphocytes from day 28 onwards, correlating with the growing number of parasites, and only marginal changes in other populations. Additionally, our data revealed a strong increase in the expression of IgM transcripts and increased number of IgM+ B lymphocytes, which produce specific antibodies recognizing S. molnari antigens in western blot. Strikingly, although the sera of infected fish exhibit potent opsonizing capacity in vitro, S. molnari isolated from the blood of infected fish are not labelled with carp IgM. These findings indicate the presence of so far unknown evasion strategy and questions the importance of S. molnari-specific antibodies in parasite elimination. To our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the early myxozoan development and immune modulation mechanisms along with innate and adaptive immune responses of the fish host in a controlled laboratory system, adding important information on host-parasite interaction of early metazoans (Cnidaria) with basic vertebrate immune systems.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Immune response of common carp to presporogonic development of myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari

Popis výsledku anglicky

phaerospora molnari is a myxozoan parasite causing skin and gill sphaerosporosis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Central Europe. Prior to spore formation, multicellular proliferative stages of S. molnari circulate for several weeks in the vascular system of its host despite the array of humoral and cellular immune effector mechanisms. Using our laboratory infection model, we aimed to elucidate the kinetics of presporogonic development of S. molnari, while simultaneously analyze the immune responses over a period of 63 days. The obtained results identified two peaks of acute parasitemia on day 28 and 42 respectively. Unexpectedly, the highest parasite load was detected in the liver, a previously unknown localization of S. molnari. In response to the infection, the immune system induced dynamic changes in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with a predominant role of IL-10 reaching up to 1456 fold increase compared to control fish. The haematological analysis revealed a steady increase in the number of lymphocytes from day 28 onwards, correlating with the growing number of parasites, and only marginal changes in other populations. Additionally, our data revealed a strong increase in the expression of IgM transcripts and increased number of IgM+ B lymphocytes, which produce specific antibodies recognizing S. molnari antigens in western blot. Strikingly, although the sera of infected fish exhibit potent opsonizing capacity in vitro, S. molnari isolated from the blood of infected fish are not labelled with carp IgM. These findings indicate the presence of so far unknown evasion strategy and questions the importance of S. molnari-specific antibodies in parasite elimination. To our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the early myxozoan development and immune modulation mechanisms along with innate and adaptive immune responses of the fish host in a controlled laboratory system, adding important information on host-parasite interaction of early metazoans (Cnidaria) with basic vertebrate immune systems.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

40301 - Veterinary science

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů