Attacks by predators on artificial cryptic and aposematic insect larvae

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F20%3A00523392" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/20:00523392 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/60076658:12310/20:43900999

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eea.12877" target="_blank" >https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eea.12877</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eea.12877" target="_blank" >10.1111/eea.12877</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Attacks by predators on artificial cryptic and aposematic insect larvae

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Colour and colour patterns seem to be especially important visual warning signals for predators, which might have innate or learned ability to avoid aposematic prey. To test the importance of larval colour pattern of the aposematic ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), an invasive alien species in Europe, we presented the plasticine models of aposematic larvae to wild and naive birds. We studied the attacks on aposematic larvae of various patterns and colours in nature and in an outdoor aviary. The larvae were cryptic (green), aposematic (resembling those of the H. axyridis larvae), and semi-aposematic (i.e., black but missing the typical orange patches of H. axyridis larvae). We detected attacks on 71 larvae out of 450 (i.e., 2.6% daily predation). Twenty-nine attacks were made by birds, 37 by arthropods, and five by gastropods. Wild birds attacked green and black larvae significantly more often than aposematic larvae. Colour did not have an effect on attacks by arthropods. The experiment with naive birds was conducted in an outdoor aviary, where naive great tits, Parus major L., were offered the same artificial larvae as in the first experiment. In total, 57 of 90 exposed larvae were attacked by birds (i.e., 28% daily predation), and green larvae were attacked significantly more than the aposematic larvae (but not more than black larvae). Our results imply that aposematic larvae of H. axyridis are more than 12x less likely to be predated by birds than green larvae in nature. The aposematic pattern represented a more effective signal than the semi-aposematic signal. The ability to reject aposematic prey seemed to be innate in our birds.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Attacks by predators on artificial cryptic and aposematic insect larvae

Popis výsledku anglicky

Colour and colour patterns seem to be especially important visual warning signals for predators, which might have innate or learned ability to avoid aposematic prey. To test the importance of larval colour pattern of the aposematic ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), an invasive alien species in Europe, we presented the plasticine models of aposematic larvae to wild and naive birds. We studied the attacks on aposematic larvae of various patterns and colours in nature and in an outdoor aviary. The larvae were cryptic (green), aposematic (resembling those of the H. axyridis larvae), and semi-aposematic (i.e., black but missing the typical orange patches of H. axyridis larvae). We detected attacks on 71 larvae out of 450 (i.e., 2.6% daily predation). Twenty-nine attacks were made by birds, 37 by arthropods, and five by gastropods. Wild birds attacked green and black larvae significantly more often than aposematic larvae. Colour did not have an effect on attacks by arthropods. The experiment with naive birds was conducted in an outdoor aviary, where naive great tits, Parus major L., were offered the same artificial larvae as in the first experiment. In total, 57 of 90 exposed larvae were attacked by birds (i.e., 28% daily predation), and green larvae were attacked significantly more than the aposematic larvae (but not more than black larvae). Our results imply that aposematic larvae of H. axyridis are more than 12x less likely to be predated by birds than green larvae in nature. The aposematic pattern represented a more effective signal than the semi-aposematic signal. The ability to reject aposematic prey seemed to be innate in our birds.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10618 - Ecology

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/GJ18-23794Y" target="_blank" >GJ18-23794Y: Trendy v úspěšnosti býložravého hmyzu a jím způsobeném okusu podél gradientu zeměpisné šířky v prostředí s predátory i bez nich</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2020

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

ISSN

0013-8703

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

168

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

2

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

7

Strana od-do

184-190

Kód UT WoS článku

000514071200001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85079706499