Annelida: Recognition of Nonself in Earthworms

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Annelida: Recognition of Nonself in Earthworms

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Anotace v anglickém jazycenThe ability to recognize self and nonself exists in all animal species. Unicellularnanimals, such as protozoans that often engulf living microorganisms, must discriminate between nutrition proteins and their own cell structures. The mechanism of discriminationat this level remains unknown, but one can assume that the specificity is based on the substrate specificity of proteolytic enzymes. Together with the evolution of multicellular organisms, the necessity to recognize self and nonself emerged to prevent the undesirable intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms or cells originating from another multicellular organism that could cause serious damage to the host.nBesides a histocompatibility polymorphism enabling the rejection of xenografts by means of cytotoxic reactions evidenced already in the evolution of sea sponges, the innate immune system evolved several strategies of discrimination between self and nonself, leading to an immune response. The response is triggered upon pathogen recognition by a set of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors recognize conserved molecular patterns shared by large groups of microorganisms. Recognition of these patterns allows the innate immune system not only to detect the presence of an infectious microbe but also to determine the type of the infecting pathogen. PRRs then activate conserved host defense signaling pathways that control the expression of a variety of immune response genes.nn

Název v anglickém jazyce

Annelida: Recognition of Nonself in Earthworms

Popis výsledku anglicky

Anotace v anglickém jazycenThe ability to recognize self and nonself exists in all animal species. Unicellularnanimals, such as protozoans that often engulf living microorganisms, must discriminate between nutrition proteins and their own cell structures. The mechanism of discriminationat this level remains unknown, but one can assume that the specificity is based on the substrate specificity of proteolytic enzymes. Together with the evolution of multicellular organisms, the necessity to recognize self and nonself emerged to prevent the undesirable intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms or cells originating from another multicellular organism that could cause serious damage to the host.nBesides a histocompatibility polymorphism enabling the rejection of xenografts by means of cytotoxic reactions evidenced already in the evolution of sea sponges, the innate immune system evolved several strategies of discrimination between self and nonself, leading to an immune response. The response is triggered upon pathogen recognition by a set of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors recognize conserved molecular patterns shared by large groups of microorganisms. Recognition of these patterns allows the innate immune system not only to detect the presence of an infectious microbe but also to determine the type of the infecting pathogen. PRRs then activate conserved host defense signaling pathways that control the expression of a variety of immune response genes.nn

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

30102 - Immunology

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2018

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Advances in Comparative Immunology

ISBN

978-3-319-76767-3

Počet stran výsledku

12

Strana od-do

161-172

Počet stran knihy

1048

Název nakladatele

Springer International Publishing

Místo vydání

New York

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

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