Genomic and phenotypic insights into the expanding phylogenetic landscape of the Cryptococcus genus

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F61388971%3A_____%2F25%3A00641703" target="_blank" >RIV/61388971:_____/25:00641703 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011945" target="_blank" >https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011945</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011945" target="_blank" >10.1371/journal.pgen.1011945</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Genomic and phenotypic insights into the expanding phylogenetic landscape of the Cryptococcus genus

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The fungal genus Cryptococcus includes several life-threatening human pathogens as well as diverse saprobic species whose genome architecture, ecology, and evolutionary history remain less well characterized. Understanding how some lineages evolved into major pathogens remains a central challenge and may be advanced by comparisons with their nonpathogenic counterparts. Integrative approaches have become essential for delimiting species and reconstructing evolutionary relationships, particularly in lineages with cryptic diversity or extensive chromosomal rearrangements. Here, we formally characterize six Cryptococcus species representing distinct evolutionary lineages, comprising both newly discovered and previously recognized but unnamed taxa, through a combination of phylogenomic analyses, divergence metrics, chromosomal comparisons, mating assays, and phenotypic profiling. Among pathogenic taxa, we formally name Cryptococcus hyracis sp. nov., corresponding to the previously characterized VGV lineage within the C. gattii complex. In parallel, we describe five saprobic, nonpathogenic species isolated from fruit, soil, and bark beetle galleries, spanning four phylogenetic clades. We identify a strong ecological association with bark beetles for Cryptococcus porticicola sp. nov., the only newly described nonpathogenic species with multiple sequenced strains from diverse sites. In this species, we detect strain-level chromosomal variation and evidence of sexual reproduction, along with population-level signatures of recombination. Across the genus, chromosome-level comparisons reveal extensive structural variation, including species- and strain-specific rearrangements that may restrict gene flow. We also identify multiple instances of chromosome number reduction, often accompanied by genomic signatures consistent with centromere inactivation or loss of centromeric identity. Comparative metabolic profiling with Biolog phenotype microarrays reveals clade-level differentiation and distinct substrate preferences, which may reflect metabolic divergence and habitat-specific diversification. Notably, we confirm that thermotolerance is restricted to clinically relevant taxa. These findings refine the species-level taxonomy of Cryptococcus, broaden its known genomic and ecological diversity, and strengthen the framework for investigating speciation, adaptation, and the emergence of pathogenicity within the genus.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Genomic and phenotypic insights into the expanding phylogenetic landscape of the Cryptococcus genus

Popis výsledku anglicky

The fungal genus Cryptococcus includes several life-threatening human pathogens as well as diverse saprobic species whose genome architecture, ecology, and evolutionary history remain less well characterized. Understanding how some lineages evolved into major pathogens remains a central challenge and may be advanced by comparisons with their nonpathogenic counterparts. Integrative approaches have become essential for delimiting species and reconstructing evolutionary relationships, particularly in lineages with cryptic diversity or extensive chromosomal rearrangements. Here, we formally characterize six Cryptococcus species representing distinct evolutionary lineages, comprising both newly discovered and previously recognized but unnamed taxa, through a combination of phylogenomic analyses, divergence metrics, chromosomal comparisons, mating assays, and phenotypic profiling. Among pathogenic taxa, we formally name Cryptococcus hyracis sp. nov., corresponding to the previously characterized VGV lineage within the C. gattii complex. In parallel, we describe five saprobic, nonpathogenic species isolated from fruit, soil, and bark beetle galleries, spanning four phylogenetic clades. We identify a strong ecological association with bark beetles for Cryptococcus porticicola sp. nov., the only newly described nonpathogenic species with multiple sequenced strains from diverse sites. In this species, we detect strain-level chromosomal variation and evidence of sexual reproduction, along with population-level signatures of recombination. Across the genus, chromosome-level comparisons reveal extensive structural variation, including species- and strain-specific rearrangements that may restrict gene flow. We also identify multiple instances of chromosome number reduction, often accompanied by genomic signatures consistent with centromere inactivation or loss of centromeric identity. Comparative metabolic profiling with Biolog phenotype microarrays reveals clade-level differentiation and distinct substrate preferences, which may reflect metabolic divergence and habitat-specific diversification. Notably, we confirm that thermotolerance is restricted to clinically relevant taxa. These findings refine the species-level taxonomy of Cryptococcus, broaden its known genomic and ecological diversity, and strengthen the framework for investigating speciation, adaptation, and the emergence of pathogenicity within the genus.

Druh

J_SC - Článek v periodiku v databázi SCOPUS

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10606 - Microbiology

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

PLoS Genetics

ISSN

1553-7390

e-ISSN

1553-7404

Svazek periodika

21

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

11

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

27

Strana od-do

e1011945

Kód UT WoS článku

001611121400001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105022664434