Multimuons in cosmic-ray events as seen in ALICE at the LHC

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F61389005%3A_____%2F25%3A00637158" target="_blank" >RIV/61389005:_____/25:00637158 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/68378271:_____/25:00637158 RIV/68407700:21340/25:00388757

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/009" target="_blank" >https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/009</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/009" target="_blank" >10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/009</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Multimuons in cosmic-ray events as seen in ALICE at the LHC

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

ALICE is a large experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Located 52 meters underground, its detectors are suitable to measure muons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. In this paper, the studies of the cosmic muons registered by ALICE during Run 2 (2015-2018) are described. The analysis is limited to multimuon events defined as events with more than four detected muons (N-mu > 4) and in the zenith angle range 0 degrees < theta < 50 degrees. The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations using three of the main hadronic interaction models describing the air shower development in the atmosphere: QGSJET-II-04, EPOS-LHC, and SIBYLL 2.3d. The interval of the primary cosmic-ray energy involved in the measured muon multiplicity distribution is about 4x10(15) < E-prim < 6x10(16) eV. In this interval none of the three models is able to describe precisely the trend of the composition of cosmic rays as the energy increases. However, QGSJET-II-04 is found to be the only model capable of reproducing reasonably well the muon multiplicity distribution, assuming a heavy composition of the primary cosmic rays over the whole energy range, while SIBYLL 2.3d and EPOS-LHC underpredict the number of muons in a large interval of multiplicity by more than 20% and 30%, respectively. The rate of high muon multiplicity events (N-mu > 100) obtained with QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d is compatible with the data, while EPOS-LHC produces a significantly lower rate (55% of the measured rate). For both QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d, the rate is close to the data when the composition is assumed to be dominated by heavy elements, an outcome compatible with the average energy E-prim similar to 10(17) eV of these events. This result places significant constraints on more exotic production mechanisms.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Multimuons in cosmic-ray events as seen in ALICE at the LHC

Popis výsledku anglicky

ALICE is a large experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Located 52 meters underground, its detectors are suitable to measure muons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. In this paper, the studies of the cosmic muons registered by ALICE during Run 2 (2015-2018) are described. The analysis is limited to multimuon events defined as events with more than four detected muons (N-mu > 4) and in the zenith angle range 0 degrees < theta < 50 degrees. The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations using three of the main hadronic interaction models describing the air shower development in the atmosphere: QGSJET-II-04, EPOS-LHC, and SIBYLL 2.3d. The interval of the primary cosmic-ray energy involved in the measured muon multiplicity distribution is about 4x10(15) < E-prim < 6x10(16) eV. In this interval none of the three models is able to describe precisely the trend of the composition of cosmic rays as the energy increases. However, QGSJET-II-04 is found to be the only model capable of reproducing reasonably well the muon multiplicity distribution, assuming a heavy composition of the primary cosmic rays over the whole energy range, while SIBYLL 2.3d and EPOS-LHC underpredict the number of muons in a large interval of multiplicity by more than 20% and 30%, respectively. The rate of high muon multiplicity events (N-mu > 100) obtained with QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d is compatible with the data, while EPOS-LHC produces a significantly lower rate (55% of the measured rate). For both QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d, the rate is close to the data when the composition is assumed to be dominated by heavy elements, an outcome compatible with the average energy E-prim similar to 10(17) eV of these events. This result places significant constraints on more exotic production mechanisms.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10304 - Nuclear physics

Projekt

Výsledek vznikl pri realizaci vícero projektů. Více informací v záložce Projekty.

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

ISSN

1475-7516

e-ISSN

1475-7516

Svazek periodika

2025

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

4

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

29

Strana od-do

009

Kód UT WoS článku

001498401000001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105003387676