Tannic and boric acid crosslinked glycerol-citrate polyesters: structural, mechanical and biological performance

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F61389013%3A_____%2F25%3A00641110" target="_blank" >RIV/61389013:_____/25:00641110 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001430572500655X?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001430572500655X?via%3Dihub</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114367" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114367</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Tannic and boric acid crosslinked glycerol-citrate polyesters: structural, mechanical and biological performance

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Functionalization of biodegradable polymers with naturally derived bioactive compounds is highly attractive in biomedical science and engineering to enhance the chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of existing polyesters. Here, we report a simple synthesis of glycerol–citrate (GCA) polyesters dual-crosslinked with tannic (TA) and boric acids (B), with GCA/TB1 and GCA/TB2 containing 1 and 2 wt% of each crosslinker, respectively. A detailed investigation was conducted to examine their structural features, underlying reaction mechanisms, and thermal, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as biodegradation. Structural (ssNMR, FTIR, XRD), thermal (DSC/TG), and microscopic (SEM) analyses revealed that the crosslinked systems form an amorphous, more densely connected polymer network, providing evidence of borate–ester bonds and tannic acid incorporation. Mechanical properties were assessed using three complementary methods—macromechanical tensile testing, nanoindentation, and ultrasound—and showed that GCA/TB1 exhibited the highest Young’s modulus, yield stress, hardness, and tensile strength, associated with a more uniform surface, smoother fracture morphology, and effective crosslinking. The modified polyesters also displayed enhanced hydrophilicity and slower, more controlled hydrolytic degradation, accompanied by milder pH changes, beneficial for improved tissue response and biocompatibility. In vitro tests demonstrated that 50 % extracts of GCA/TB1 and GCA/TB2 supported osteoblast viability above 75 %, compared to ∼ 10 % for pure GCA, while retaining measurable antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. This work highlights how molecular-level modifications can effectively tune the performance of simple, bio-based citrate polyesters, providing a versatile platform for sustainable and adaptable scaffold materials with potential biomedical applications, including drug delivery.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Tannic and boric acid crosslinked glycerol-citrate polyesters: structural, mechanical and biological performance

Popis výsledku anglicky

Functionalization of biodegradable polymers with naturally derived bioactive compounds is highly attractive in biomedical science and engineering to enhance the chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of existing polyesters. Here, we report a simple synthesis of glycerol–citrate (GCA) polyesters dual-crosslinked with tannic (TA) and boric acids (B), with GCA/TB1 and GCA/TB2 containing 1 and 2 wt% of each crosslinker, respectively. A detailed investigation was conducted to examine their structural features, underlying reaction mechanisms, and thermal, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as biodegradation. Structural (ssNMR, FTIR, XRD), thermal (DSC/TG), and microscopic (SEM) analyses revealed that the crosslinked systems form an amorphous, more densely connected polymer network, providing evidence of borate–ester bonds and tannic acid incorporation. Mechanical properties were assessed using three complementary methods—macromechanical tensile testing, nanoindentation, and ultrasound—and showed that GCA/TB1 exhibited the highest Young’s modulus, yield stress, hardness, and tensile strength, associated with a more uniform surface, smoother fracture morphology, and effective crosslinking. The modified polyesters also displayed enhanced hydrophilicity and slower, more controlled hydrolytic degradation, accompanied by milder pH changes, beneficial for improved tissue response and biocompatibility. In vitro tests demonstrated that 50 % extracts of GCA/TB1 and GCA/TB2 supported osteoblast viability above 75 %, compared to ∼ 10 % for pure GCA, while retaining measurable antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. This work highlights how molecular-level modifications can effectively tune the performance of simple, bio-based citrate polyesters, providing a versatile platform for sustainable and adaptable scaffold materials with potential biomedical applications, including drug delivery.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10404 - Polymer science

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

European Polymer Journal

ISSN

0014-3057

e-ISSN

1873-1945

Svazek periodika

241

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

15 December

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

17

Strana od-do

114367

Kód UT WoS článku

001611099300002

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105020373430