Dodatky k nálezu souboru eneolitické keramiky s pseudokernosem z Václavského vrchu v Olomouci

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F61989592%3A15210%2F23%3A73623799" target="_blank" >RIV/61989592:15210/23:73623799 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://obd.upol.cz/id_publ/333203686" target="_blank" >https://obd.upol.cz/id_publ/333203686</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

čeština

Název v původním jazyce

Dodatky k nálezu souboru eneolitické keramiky s pseudokernosem z Václavského vrchu v Olomouci

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Článek se vrací k unikátnímu nálezu pseudokernosu v souboru devíti eneolitických keramických nádob odkrytých roku 2001 na výšinném sídlišti Olomouckém kopci. Soubor je datován do konce bolerázského stupně a byl již publikován v letech 2007 - 2008 (Zatloukal 2007a, Kalábková - Zatloukal 2008). Tento příspěvek rozebírá detailněji jeho nálezové okolnosti a prezentuje výsledky provedených přírodovědných analýz. Důraz je kladen zejména na osteologickou analýzu, protože v některých nádobách byly nalezeny zvířecí kosti a dosud problematické bylo i zařazení objeveného antropologického materiálu. I přes nový rozbor však stále nelze nález jednoznačně interpretovat - může se jednat o hrob z pohřebiště, hrob v sídlištním objektu na sídlišti, keramický depot (votum) či o běžný sklad v sídlištním objektu.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Additions to Aeneolithic pottery with pseudo-kernos from Václavský vrch (Wenceslas Hill) in Olomouc

Popis výsledku anglicky

In winter 2001, a unique assemblage of nine Aeneolithic ceramic vessels was discovered on Václavský vrch (Wenceslas Hill) in Olomouc. The findspot is part of a large Aeneolithic hilltop settlement situated on Olomoucký kopec (Olomouc Hill) below the actual historical downtown. The Aeneolithic settlement activity is documented here since the Lengyel culture already, flourishing in the period of the Funnel Beaker culture and fading out at the beginning of the early classical phase of the Baden culture. The most intense occupation of Olomoucký kopec (Olomouc Hill) can be detected in later stage of the Funnel Beaker culture, and this is also the time span, which the described find is dating from.The excavation was carried out in the trench of future water meter shaft in the honourable courtyard of the Capitular Deanery on Václavský vrch (Wenceslas Hill) in Olomouc. The excavation trench was designated as S 2/01 and the assemblage of Aeneolithic ceramic vessels came to light in the level of ca 223,4 m ASL, i. e. about 3 m below the actual ground level. It was found at the bottom of a quadratic pit with rounded corners (k. 502) and with preserved sides of 1,5 m in length that was shallowly sunken into the sandy subsoil. This pit was later disturbed by a dug out settlement feature from the Bronze Age (k. 503) and an another one from the Early Middle Ages (k. 531), so that the entire original appearance thereof stayed not preserved. Moreover, in close vicinity thereto one could detect some another Aeneolithic feature (k. 504) dating from the later KNP stage, which might have disturbed it, too.The vessels inside the feature k. 502 were placed next to each other, all of them originally probably upside down. This position stayed preserved in most of the vessels, just a bowl (vessel No. 3) and a pot (vessel No. 9) were found laying on their side. The pot (vessel No. 9), moreover, was discovered as deep as below the shards of an amphora (vessel No. 5), and so it might have been originally placed inside or next to. Inside several vessels one could find animal bones (vessels 1, 3 and 6). In the fill between the vessels and close to them (k. 120) there were another fragments of ceramic vessels, textile ceramics, stone industry, daubing and animal bones. This fill was identical to the presumed and unspecified Aeneolithic settlement layer occurring just above the subsoil. The other Aeneolithic material comes from younger cultural levels and fills of pits, and except the feature k. 504 it already represented only an intrusion in these lower aged finding units. However, this Aeneolithic material originally probably pertained to both Aeneolithic features mentioned or to the presumed Aeneolithic settlement cultural layer.The assemblage contained an S-profiled amphora (vessel No. 1) and parts of another two amphorae (vessels No. 5 and 8), a so-called pseudo-kernos (vessel No. 2), a terrine-shaped bowl (vessel No. 3), a jug with subcutaneous handles (vessel No. 4), an S-profiled pot (vessel No. 6), a biconical pot (vessel No. 7) and a kettle-shaped pot (vessel No. 9). Due to unclear finding conditions we can hardly interpret the discovery – it might be a cemetery burial, burial inside a settlement feature, ceramic hoard (votum) or a common deposit in a settlement feature. From among the options mentioned we mostly prefer the second one, namely that the vessels represent grave goods of a burial inside a settlement feature. It is indicated both by the arrangement of vessels and by their shape variety. Also the pseudo-kernos fits in, being held for a vessel used to accompany the deceased person in the ritual feast. The assemblage is dated back to the end of the Boleráz stage of the Funnel Beaker culture.An assemblage of 591 animal bone fragments was analysed, too. The osteological analysis of particular time phases (Aeneolithic, Bronze Age, Middle Ages, Post-Medieval period – Tab.) was limited by a relatively high level of contamination with both younger and older material. Nevertheless, the dominant part of the assemblage included remains of domestic animals, esp. cattle, but finds of game were also relatively abundant. Except the species composition as well taphonomical changes were recorded.

Druh

J_ost - Ostatní články v recenzovaných periodicích

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

60102 - Archaeology

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2023

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Památky

ISSN

2788-0435

e-ISSN

2788-0435

Svazek periodika

2023

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

4

Stát vydavatele periodika

CZ - Česká republika

Počet stran výsledku

17

Strana od-do

105-121

Kód UT WoS článku

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EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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