The ash and ash dieback in Slovakia

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62156489%3A43410%2F17%3A43912935" target="_blank" >RIV/62156489:43410/17:43912935 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://www.slu.se/globalassets/ew/org/inst/mykopat/forskning/stenlid/dieback-of-european-ash.pdf" target="_blank" >http://www.slu.se/globalassets/ew/org/inst/mykopat/forskning/stenlid/dieback-of-european-ash.pdf</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

—

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

The ash and ash dieback in Slovakia

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

All three ash species native to Europe - common, narrow-leaved and manna ash - occur in Slovakia naturally. Common ash is by far the most important one from the ecological and commercial point of view. The combined share of the &quot;ash&quot; in the overall forest tree species composition is 1.6 % and its growing stock is 7.1 million cubic meters. Common ash is considered a constituent species in mixed mountain and ravine forests. Together with narrow-leaved ash, it is widespread also in the riparian and riverine forest vegetation. Natural populations of common and narrow-leaved ash represent a blend of their Central- and Eastern European gene pools in Slovakia. The two phylogenetic lineages meet in central Slovakia, and their transgression zone is up to 300 km broad due to the wind-mediated gene flow by pollen (Gömöry et. al. 2012). The ash dieback was first reported in eastern Slovakia in 2004 (KUNCA et al. 2011). By 2010, it was present in all mountain valleys of northern Slovakia and in the lowlands. It it omnipresent now, but its severity varies among regions of the country, possibly due to local climatic and site characteristics. Also related mortality is less common than in the Czech Republic and Poland. Besides the dieback, the ash has been damaged by honey fungus (mostly Armillaria cepistipes) and also by Hylesinus fraxineus at the local scale. Surveys carried out in 4 seed orchards revealed almost two-fold differences among their component clones in the late-summer (September) defoliation attributable to H. fraxineus. Clones of narrow-leaved ash performed significantly better than those of common ash in the seed orchards located in the Danube lowland (LONGAUEROVÁ et. al. 2014). Species-specific and genetic aspects of ash dieback are studied on the series of 4 field trial plots comprising 14 provenances and 42 seed orchard progenies of common and narrow-leaved ash. First results 5 years after planting show better survival and less intensive infection in the seed orchard progenies than in provenances derived from stands and seed sources. Besides it, progenies of narrow-leaved ash outperform those of common ash in the plots situated in the lowland. Genetic resources of common ash are conserved in-situ in 9 gene reserve forests which total area is 1,320 hectares. Basic materials of forest reproductive material of common ash include 290 approved seed stands, 207 parents of families and 2 seed orchards. There are also 6 seed stands and 1 seed orchard of narrow-leaved ash. Due to the high heritability but very low proportion of trees tolerating infection by H. fraxineus in current common ash populations (e.g., LOBO et al. 2015), clonal seed orchards composed of dieback-tolerant clones appear to be the most efficient tool for mitigation of ash dieback. Selection and testing of candidate hyposensitive clones for new ash seed orchards in Slovakia started in 2016 thanks to the financial support of the state forest company LESY Slovenskej republiky.

Název v anglickém jazyce

The ash and ash dieback in Slovakia

Popis výsledku anglicky

All three ash species native to Europe - common, narrow-leaved and manna ash - occur in Slovakia naturally. Common ash is by far the most important one from the ecological and commercial point of view. The combined share of the &quot;ash&quot; in the overall forest tree species composition is 1.6 % and its growing stock is 7.1 million cubic meters. Common ash is considered a constituent species in mixed mountain and ravine forests. Together with narrow-leaved ash, it is widespread also in the riparian and riverine forest vegetation. Natural populations of common and narrow-leaved ash represent a blend of their Central- and Eastern European gene pools in Slovakia. The two phylogenetic lineages meet in central Slovakia, and their transgression zone is up to 300 km broad due to the wind-mediated gene flow by pollen (Gömöry et. al. 2012). The ash dieback was first reported in eastern Slovakia in 2004 (KUNCA et al. 2011). By 2010, it was present in all mountain valleys of northern Slovakia and in the lowlands. It it omnipresent now, but its severity varies among regions of the country, possibly due to local climatic and site characteristics. Also related mortality is less common than in the Czech Republic and Poland. Besides the dieback, the ash has been damaged by honey fungus (mostly Armillaria cepistipes) and also by Hylesinus fraxineus at the local scale. Surveys carried out in 4 seed orchards revealed almost two-fold differences among their component clones in the late-summer (September) defoliation attributable to H. fraxineus. Clones of narrow-leaved ash performed significantly better than those of common ash in the seed orchards located in the Danube lowland (LONGAUEROVÁ et. al. 2014). Species-specific and genetic aspects of ash dieback are studied on the series of 4 field trial plots comprising 14 provenances and 42 seed orchard progenies of common and narrow-leaved ash. First results 5 years after planting show better survival and less intensive infection in the seed orchard progenies than in provenances derived from stands and seed sources. Besides it, progenies of narrow-leaved ash outperform those of common ash in the plots situated in the lowland. Genetic resources of common ash are conserved in-situ in 9 gene reserve forests which total area is 1,320 hectares. Basic materials of forest reproductive material of common ash include 290 approved seed stands, 207 parents of families and 2 seed orchards. There are also 6 seed stands and 1 seed orchard of narrow-leaved ash. Due to the high heritability but very low proportion of trees tolerating infection by H. fraxineus in current common ash populations (e.g., LOBO et al. 2015), clonal seed orchards composed of dieback-tolerant clones appear to be the most efficient tool for mitigation of ash dieback. Selection and testing of candidate hyposensitive clones for new ash seed orchards in Slovakia started in 2016 thanks to the financial support of the state forest company LESY Slovenskej republiky.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

40102 - Forestry

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2017

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Dieback of European Ash (Fraxinus spp.) – Consequences and Guidelines for Sustainable Management

ISBN

978-91-576-8696-1

Počet stran výsledku

11

Strana od-do

209-219

Počet stran knihy

299

Název nakladatele

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Místo vydání

Uppsala

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

—