Multi-level nitrogen balance at temperate forests in the territory of the Czech Republic

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62156489%3A43410%2F23%3A43923645" target="_blank" >RIV/62156489:43410/23:43923645 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://pedologie.czu.cz/dokumenty/Proceedings_Sbornik.pdf" target="_blank" >https://pedologie.czu.cz/dokumenty/Proceedings_Sbornik.pdf</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Multi-level nitrogen balance at temperate forests in the territory of the Czech Republic

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Deviations at nitrogen balance became the most spread cause of forest ecosystem damage under polluted air. Forests are more endangered due to acidifying nitrogen deposition than agricultural soils because of interception by diffi cult structure and of prevailing occurrence at broken relief. Nevertheless, forest ability to bound acidifying substances in organic matter is unrepresentable for protection of surface water resources and of agricultural soils subsequently. In presented study, we have compared tree-species eff ects on forest nitrogen balance among various area scales from topic level of forest stands, grid micro-level of small catchments with 1x1 km cells to mezo-level of forest areas of the Czech Republic. The tree-species selection took into acount economic perspective and equal proportion of azonally spread species between clear or mixed stands. The topic level was composed from homogeneous stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), European larch (Larix decidua), Common beech (Fagus sylvatica), English oak (Quercus robur), European birch (Betula pendula), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata), sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), alders (Alnus sp.) and willows (Salix sp.) that were 40-80 years old with continual area &gt;1 ha. The nitrogen inputs into forest ecosystem were summarized through surface humus, modelled deposition and estimated fi xation. The outputs were calculated through nitrogen volume at tree stocks, soil nitrogen access and estimations of gasesous releases as well as leaching. The nitrogen inputs were the most presented at the topic level by fi xation (99.82 %) and marginally by litter (0.17 %) and by deposition (0.01 %). The outputs from topic level were represented by 36.09 % of accessing, 30.17 % of gaseous releases, 28.31 % of tree volume increment and 6.85 % of leaching. While mean micro-level inputs were represented similarly, the outputs were divided in very diff erent way by 80.57 % of tree increment, 17.20 % of soil accessing, 0.01 % of gas release and 2.22 % of leaching. Dominant static compounds of nitrogen biological fi xation caused, that forest nitrogen balance appeared to be positive always. However, distribution of nitrogen total input and output values diff ered, thus they did not indicate distribution of resulting balance. Elimination of total soil nitrogen from static compounds and simplifi cation of available forms to dissolved ions have suggested that forest ecosystems were able to release more nitrogen than to fi x. Proportion of variable inputs has included 1.31 % of deposition, 21.12 % of litter and 77.57 % of surface humus, while simplifi ed outputs have included 35.23 % of tree increment, 21.73% of soil accessing, 37.84 % of gas release and 8.51 % of leaching. The inputs became either very high (32.81 %) or very low values (30.42 %) the most often. In contrast, output values were predominantly medium (54.73 %). The nitrogen balance was more often very low (36.95 %) than very high (32.03 %). Generalization of forest nitrogen balance to mezo-level confi rmed distribution of high and very high values to mountain areas and of very low values to upland areas according to presence of high inputs. Forests aff ect nitrogen balance the most through total content in soil. Mountain forests cover soils with higher nitrogen content than submountain forests despite higher vulnerability to nitrate release. A change in this distribution toward preserved water resource protection is based on tree-species composition similar with submountain altitudes.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Multi-level nitrogen balance at temperate forests in the territory of the Czech Republic

Popis výsledku anglicky

Deviations at nitrogen balance became the most spread cause of forest ecosystem damage under polluted air. Forests are more endangered due to acidifying nitrogen deposition than agricultural soils because of interception by diffi cult structure and of prevailing occurrence at broken relief. Nevertheless, forest ability to bound acidifying substances in organic matter is unrepresentable for protection of surface water resources and of agricultural soils subsequently. In presented study, we have compared tree-species eff ects on forest nitrogen balance among various area scales from topic level of forest stands, grid micro-level of small catchments with 1x1 km cells to mezo-level of forest areas of the Czech Republic. The tree-species selection took into acount economic perspective and equal proportion of azonally spread species between clear or mixed stands. The topic level was composed from homogeneous stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), European larch (Larix decidua), Common beech (Fagus sylvatica), English oak (Quercus robur), European birch (Betula pendula), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata), sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), alders (Alnus sp.) and willows (Salix sp.) that were 40-80 years old with continual area &gt;1 ha. The nitrogen inputs into forest ecosystem were summarized through surface humus, modelled deposition and estimated fi xation. The outputs were calculated through nitrogen volume at tree stocks, soil nitrogen access and estimations of gasesous releases as well as leaching. The nitrogen inputs were the most presented at the topic level by fi xation (99.82 %) and marginally by litter (0.17 %) and by deposition (0.01 %). The outputs from topic level were represented by 36.09 % of accessing, 30.17 % of gaseous releases, 28.31 % of tree volume increment and 6.85 % of leaching. While mean micro-level inputs were represented similarly, the outputs were divided in very diff erent way by 80.57 % of tree increment, 17.20 % of soil accessing, 0.01 % of gas release and 2.22 % of leaching. Dominant static compounds of nitrogen biological fi xation caused, that forest nitrogen balance appeared to be positive always. However, distribution of nitrogen total input and output values diff ered, thus they did not indicate distribution of resulting balance. Elimination of total soil nitrogen from static compounds and simplifi cation of available forms to dissolved ions have suggested that forest ecosystems were able to release more nitrogen than to fi x. Proportion of variable inputs has included 1.31 % of deposition, 21.12 % of litter and 77.57 % of surface humus, while simplifi ed outputs have included 35.23 % of tree increment, 21.73% of soil accessing, 37.84 % of gas release and 8.51 % of leaching. The inputs became either very high (32.81 %) or very low values (30.42 %) the most often. In contrast, output values were predominantly medium (54.73 %). The nitrogen balance was more often very low (36.95 %) than very high (32.03 %). Generalization of forest nitrogen balance to mezo-level confi rmed distribution of high and very high values to mountain areas and of very low values to upland areas according to presence of high inputs. Forests aff ect nitrogen balance the most through total content in soil. Mountain forests cover soils with higher nitrogen content than submountain forests despite higher vulnerability to nitrate release. A change in this distribution toward preserved water resource protection is based on tree-species composition similar with submountain altitudes.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

40104 - Soil science

Projekt

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Návaznosti

O - Projekt operacniho programu

Rok uplatnění

2023

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů