Phytophthora pseudocryptogea Is Associated with Root and Crown Rot of Nursery-Grown Common Sage in Hungary

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62156489%3A43410%2F24%3A43925526" target="_blank" >RIV/62156489:43410/24:43925526 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-23-2414-PDN" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-23-2414-PDN</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-23-2414-PDN" target="_blank" >10.1094/PDIS-11-23-2414-PDN</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Phytophthora pseudocryptogea Is Associated with Root and Crown Rot of Nursery-Grown Common Sage in Hungary

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

In October 2009, necrotic bark lesions at the root collar and lower stem associated with root rot, reduced growth, and wilting were observed on container-grown 2-year-old common sage (Salvia officinalis L., cv. Icterina) in two ornamental nurseries in Somogy and Zala counties in Hungary. The disease occurred at a frequency of 15 to 20% (100 to 150 symptomatic plants in each nursery). A Phytophthora cryptogea-like species was isolated consistently from necrotic root collars of many plants on carrot (CA) PARPB agar. Six isolates from the nursery in Zala County and three isolates from the nursery in Somogy County were deposited in the culture collection of Plant Protection Institute (Budapest, Hungary). All developed slightly petaloid colonies on CA agar. Chlamydospores and gametangia were not present in single and dual culture combinations of isolates. Radial colony growth was the fastest at 25oC (6.8 to 7.4 mm/day), and no growth occurred above 34oC. On mycelial discs floating in nonsterile stream water, persistent, nonpapillate, mostly ovoid to obpyriform sporangia (37.4 +- 3.5 to 47.8 +- 4.6 μm long and 22.3 +- 2.6 to 29.2 +- 3.7 μm wide) and hyphal swellings were produced abundantly. Pathogenicity of one selected isolate from each nursery was tested on 3-month-old seedlings of S. officinalis &apos;Icterina&apos; in 2010. Isolates were grown for 4 weeks at 20oC on autoclaved millet grains moistened with CA broth. Infested and uninfested grains were mixed with autoclaved soil (30 cm3 grain/liter), and the mixes were used as potting media for transplanting five treated and five control plants per isolate, respectively. Plants were kept in a growth room (20 to 25oC, 16 h/8 h light/dark). Pots were flooded for 24 h on the first day and every 2 weeks. All and only treated plants showed symptoms of wilt associated with basal stem and root necrosis within 3 weeks. The trial was repeated with the same result. The pathogen could be reisolated only from the treated plants. Identity of isolates from nurseries and inoculated plants was confirmed by amplification and sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and gene regions of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI) and β-tubulin (tub) according to Jung et al. (2017). BLASTn searches showed 100% identity and only 97.3 to 99.0% similarity to the corresponding sequences of authentic Phytophthora pseudocryptogea and P. cryptogea strains, respectively (e.g., GenBank accession nos. KP288336 to KP288342, KP288370 to KP288372, KP288386 to KP288392, MN872725, and MN872776). Sequences of the nine field isolates were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers OR771701 to OR771709 (ITS), OR787508 to OR787516 (coxI), and OR787517 to OR787525 (tub). P. pseudocryptogea was delineated from P. cryptogea sensu lato (Safaiefarahani et al. 2015), which has been reported from S. officinalis in the United States (Koike et al. 1997) and S. leucantha (Cacciola et al. 2002) and S. officinalis (Garibaldi et al. 2015) in Italy. The known natural hosts of P. pseudocryptogea includes plant species in families other than Lamiaceae (cf. Aloi et al. 2023), but it was pathogenic on the lamiaceous Plectranthus scutellarioides in artificial inoculations (Christova 2020). The pathogen is present in European nurseries (Antonelli et al. 2023). This is the first report of P. pseudocryptogea on S. officinalis in Hungary. The causal agent threatens the production of sages and other ornamentals, and its spread in Hungary should be prevented by proper disease management and phytosanitary actions.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Phytophthora pseudocryptogea Is Associated with Root and Crown Rot of Nursery-Grown Common Sage in Hungary

Popis výsledku anglicky

In October 2009, necrotic bark lesions at the root collar and lower stem associated with root rot, reduced growth, and wilting were observed on container-grown 2-year-old common sage (Salvia officinalis L., cv. Icterina) in two ornamental nurseries in Somogy and Zala counties in Hungary. The disease occurred at a frequency of 15 to 20% (100 to 150 symptomatic plants in each nursery). A Phytophthora cryptogea-like species was isolated consistently from necrotic root collars of many plants on carrot (CA) PARPB agar. Six isolates from the nursery in Zala County and three isolates from the nursery in Somogy County were deposited in the culture collection of Plant Protection Institute (Budapest, Hungary). All developed slightly petaloid colonies on CA agar. Chlamydospores and gametangia were not present in single and dual culture combinations of isolates. Radial colony growth was the fastest at 25oC (6.8 to 7.4 mm/day), and no growth occurred above 34oC. On mycelial discs floating in nonsterile stream water, persistent, nonpapillate, mostly ovoid to obpyriform sporangia (37.4 +- 3.5 to 47.8 +- 4.6 μm long and 22.3 +- 2.6 to 29.2 +- 3.7 μm wide) and hyphal swellings were produced abundantly. Pathogenicity of one selected isolate from each nursery was tested on 3-month-old seedlings of S. officinalis &apos;Icterina&apos; in 2010. Isolates were grown for 4 weeks at 20oC on autoclaved millet grains moistened with CA broth. Infested and uninfested grains were mixed with autoclaved soil (30 cm3 grain/liter), and the mixes were used as potting media for transplanting five treated and five control plants per isolate, respectively. Plants were kept in a growth room (20 to 25oC, 16 h/8 h light/dark). Pots were flooded for 24 h on the first day and every 2 weeks. All and only treated plants showed symptoms of wilt associated with basal stem and root necrosis within 3 weeks. The trial was repeated with the same result. The pathogen could be reisolated only from the treated plants. Identity of isolates from nurseries and inoculated plants was confirmed by amplification and sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and gene regions of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI) and β-tubulin (tub) according to Jung et al. (2017). BLASTn searches showed 100% identity and only 97.3 to 99.0% similarity to the corresponding sequences of authentic Phytophthora pseudocryptogea and P. cryptogea strains, respectively (e.g., GenBank accession nos. KP288336 to KP288342, KP288370 to KP288372, KP288386 to KP288392, MN872725, and MN872776). Sequences of the nine field isolates were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers OR771701 to OR771709 (ITS), OR787508 to OR787516 (coxI), and OR787517 to OR787525 (tub). P. pseudocryptogea was delineated from P. cryptogea sensu lato (Safaiefarahani et al. 2015), which has been reported from S. officinalis in the United States (Koike et al. 1997) and S. leucantha (Cacciola et al. 2002) and S. officinalis (Garibaldi et al. 2015) in Italy. The known natural hosts of P. pseudocryptogea includes plant species in families other than Lamiaceae (cf. Aloi et al. 2023), but it was pathogenic on the lamiaceous Plectranthus scutellarioides in artificial inoculations (Christova 2020). The pathogen is present in European nurseries (Antonelli et al. 2023). This is the first report of P. pseudocryptogea on S. officinalis in Hungary. The causal agent threatens the production of sages and other ornamentals, and its spread in Hungary should be prevented by proper disease management and phytosanitary actions.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10611 - Plant sciences, botany

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2024

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů