Emphysematous cystitis in geriatric and polymrbid Staffordshire bull terrier - evaluation of duration of antibiotic treatment.

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Emphysematous cystitis in geriatric and polymrbid Staffordshire bull terrier - evaluation of duration of antibiotic treatment.

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare complication of infection of the urinary bladder. It is characterized by presence of gas filled vesicles in the bladder wall that results from gas?producing microorganism infection. Diagnosis is based on ultrasonographic and radiographic findings. EC can be life-threatening, early detection and aggressive treatment is recommended. The optimal duration of antimicrobial treatment for EC is unclear [1], [2]. Case description: History and signalment: A sixteen-year-old Staffordshire bull terrier, intact male, was presented for one-day haematuria, weakness, apathy, anorexia and vomiting. Patient comes with a 9-month long medication of prednisone (0,5 mg/kg q24h) from a private practice (presumably because of the hind limbs immobility). Clinical findings: patient was cachectic (BCS 2/9, MCS 3/4 - 1 being normal), moderately dehydrated (5%) with depressed mentation. Other findings were all within normal ranges. CBC uncovered acute leucocytosis and non-regenerative anaemia. Biochemical profile identified increased BUN, SDMA, c-reactive protein and normal levels of creatinine. AUS detected multiple acoustic shadows in the wall of a urine bladder of the opacity of gas. Prostatomegaly with hyperechogenic parenchyma was found with two echogenic cavities and many smaller anechogenic cavities. Multiple hypoechogenic bearing changes were present in the left testicle (susp. tumour). Typical CRD changes were present on both kidneys. Urine obtained by catheterization was turbid and dark red with specific gravity 1026 and dipstick analysis revealed proteinuria (3+), haematuria (3+), pH 6. Urine sediment revealed massive pyuria, haematuria and bacteriuria. Treatment: the dog was hospitalized and received intravenous fluid therapy (Plasmalyte 1/1) and empirical antibiotic therapy was started (Enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg q24h x 42 days). Metamizole was administered once (40 mg/kg q24h). Prednisone administration continued in a daily dose of 0,5 mg/kg. Urine cultivation revealed Escherichia Coli susceptible to enrofloxacin. Aims. To document the clinical response and the bladder wall gas development during and post antibiotic treatment. Results. Clinical signs subside after 48 hours after first enrofloxacin administration. Third day the patient was released for a home care. Gas was detected on the first, 2nd, 4th and 10th day. Twenty-first day the gas disappeared. Forty-second and 56th day no more gas was present in the bladder wall. Conclusions. Four-week of antibiotic therapy was described to be effective. Our results show that a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (3 weeks) could be enough as it was in our geriatric and immunosuppressed patient.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Emphysematous cystitis in geriatric and polymrbid Staffordshire bull terrier - evaluation of duration of antibiotic treatment.

Popis výsledku anglicky

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare complication of infection of the urinary bladder. It is characterized by presence of gas filled vesicles in the bladder wall that results from gas?producing microorganism infection. Diagnosis is based on ultrasonographic and radiographic findings. EC can be life-threatening, early detection and aggressive treatment is recommended. The optimal duration of antimicrobial treatment for EC is unclear [1], [2]. Case description: History and signalment: A sixteen-year-old Staffordshire bull terrier, intact male, was presented for one-day haematuria, weakness, apathy, anorexia and vomiting. Patient comes with a 9-month long medication of prednisone (0,5 mg/kg q24h) from a private practice (presumably because of the hind limbs immobility). Clinical findings: patient was cachectic (BCS 2/9, MCS 3/4 - 1 being normal), moderately dehydrated (5%) with depressed mentation. Other findings were all within normal ranges. CBC uncovered acute leucocytosis and non-regenerative anaemia. Biochemical profile identified increased BUN, SDMA, c-reactive protein and normal levels of creatinine. AUS detected multiple acoustic shadows in the wall of a urine bladder of the opacity of gas. Prostatomegaly with hyperechogenic parenchyma was found with two echogenic cavities and many smaller anechogenic cavities. Multiple hypoechogenic bearing changes were present in the left testicle (susp. tumour). Typical CRD changes were present on both kidneys. Urine obtained by catheterization was turbid and dark red with specific gravity 1026 and dipstick analysis revealed proteinuria (3+), haematuria (3+), pH 6. Urine sediment revealed massive pyuria, haematuria and bacteriuria. Treatment: the dog was hospitalized and received intravenous fluid therapy (Plasmalyte 1/1) and empirical antibiotic therapy was started (Enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg q24h x 42 days). Metamizole was administered once (40 mg/kg q24h). Prednisone administration continued in a daily dose of 0,5 mg/kg. Urine cultivation revealed Escherichia Coli susceptible to enrofloxacin. Aims. To document the clinical response and the bladder wall gas development during and post antibiotic treatment. Results. Clinical signs subside after 48 hours after first enrofloxacin administration. Third day the patient was released for a home care. Gas was detected on the first, 2nd, 4th and 10th day. Twenty-first day the gas disappeared. Forty-second and 56th day no more gas was present in the bladder wall. Conclusions. Four-week of antibiotic therapy was described to be effective. Our results show that a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (3 weeks) could be enough as it was in our geriatric and immunosuppressed patient.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

40301 - Veterinary science

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů