Unraveling genome- and immunome-wide genetic diversity in modern and historical Jaguars

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62157124%3A16170%2F25%3A43882786" target="_blank" >RIV/62157124:16170/25:43882786 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/62157124:16810/25:43882786

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13059-025-03868-0" target="_blank" >https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13059-025-03868-0</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-025-03868-0" target="_blank" >10.1186/s13059-025-03868-0</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Unraveling genome- and immunome-wide genetic diversity in modern and historical Jaguars

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

BackgroundThe jaguar (Panthera onca) is a keystone species within diverse ecosystems ranging from dense rainforests to open grasslands across Central and South America. However, its populations are declining rapidly due to anthropogenic actions, such as deforestation and poaching. Here we investigate the effects of this decline on genetic diversity and genetic health. Utilizing both modern and historical museum samples, we infer population structure and immunome variability in 25 jaguars to identify unique genetic diversity that can inform targeted conservation efforts.ResultsOur genome-wide analyses identifies three distinct geographic populations: Central America, South American lowlands, and South American highlands. Modern samples that exhibit lower levels of heterozygosity also show higher levels of inbreeding. The South American lowland population shows the lowest levels of inbreeding, while the highland population exhibits the lowest overall immunome-wide variability. However, the innate (Natural Killer Cell Complex, Toll-Like Receptor) and adaptive (Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II) immune genes, which are crucial for adaptive responses and disease resilience, show high diversity in terms of heterozygosity and haplotype diversity in individuals of all three populations.ConclusionsSouth American highland and Central American jaguars face significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation. The observed genome- and immunome-wide diversity in historical and modern jaguars reflect their recent demographic decline and challenges of local adaptation. We recommend re-evaluating evolutionarily significant units to prioritize conservation strategies, ensuring the preservation of unique genetic and adaptive diversity crucial for the species&apos; resilience and long-term survival.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Unraveling genome- and immunome-wide genetic diversity in modern and historical Jaguars

Popis výsledku anglicky

BackgroundThe jaguar (Panthera onca) is a keystone species within diverse ecosystems ranging from dense rainforests to open grasslands across Central and South America. However, its populations are declining rapidly due to anthropogenic actions, such as deforestation and poaching. Here we investigate the effects of this decline on genetic diversity and genetic health. Utilizing both modern and historical museum samples, we infer population structure and immunome variability in 25 jaguars to identify unique genetic diversity that can inform targeted conservation efforts.ResultsOur genome-wide analyses identifies three distinct geographic populations: Central America, South American lowlands, and South American highlands. Modern samples that exhibit lower levels of heterozygosity also show higher levels of inbreeding. The South American lowland population shows the lowest levels of inbreeding, while the highland population exhibits the lowest overall immunome-wide variability. However, the innate (Natural Killer Cell Complex, Toll-Like Receptor) and adaptive (Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II) immune genes, which are crucial for adaptive responses and disease resilience, show high diversity in terms of heterozygosity and haplotype diversity in individuals of all three populations.ConclusionsSouth American highland and Central American jaguars face significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation. The observed genome- and immunome-wide diversity in historical and modern jaguars reflect their recent demographic decline and challenges of local adaptation. We recommend re-evaluating evolutionarily significant units to prioritize conservation strategies, ensuring the preservation of unique genetic and adaptive diversity crucial for the species&apos; resilience and long-term survival.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10603 - Genetics and heredity (medical genetics to be 3)

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Genome Biology

ISSN

1474-760X

e-ISSN

1474-760X

Svazek periodika

26

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

1

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

22

Strana od-do

nestránkováno

Kód UT WoS článku

001633616900003

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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