Global impact of chemical warfare agents used before and after 1945

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62690094%3A18460%2F20%3A50016767" target="_blank" >RIV/62690094:18460/20:50016767 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/62690094:18470/20:50016767

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00003-9" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00003-9</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00003-9" target="_blank" >10.1016/B978-0-12-819090-6.00003-9</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Global impact of chemical warfare agents used before and after 1945

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The threat of chemical weapons (CWs), used either by states or parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC; Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction) or by terrorists, has never attracted so much public attention as it has in the past 10 years. Despite the existing legal documents dealing with the prohibition of CWs, for example, Geneva Protocol 1925 and CWC, some incidents of the use of CWs in different conflicts and terrorist attacks have been observed. Moreover, the alleged use of CWs has been noted during the period from 1925 to the present. It must be emphasized that the theoretical and practical basis for production, storage, and use of CWs still exists. Also, it must be clearly stated that CWs are applicable at any time, in any place, and in large quantities. CWs consist of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and the means them to deliver to the target. They are characterized by high effectiveness for use against large targets and are known as area weapons or silent weapons. They are relatively low cost and it is possible to achieve destruction of everything that is living while avoiding the destruction of materials and buildings. They are also called the nuclear weapons of poor countries—a “poor man’s nuclear weapon.” It should be pointed out that the use of CWs is connected with the use or release of toxic chemicals; thus chemical warfare can be considered part of generally observed situations in which toxic chemicals are used or released and influence the environment and humankind. A number of causal reasons for these events exist but, apart from accidents connected with the release of toxic chemicals from a natural source (e.g., volcanoes), the factors shown in Fig. 3.1 or their combinations can be involved. For military purposes a number of chemicals were tested, but only a few are contained in military arsenals. However, according to the definition used by the CWC, any toxic chemical intended for military use must be considered a CW; in other words, the aim is to limit the designation of the compound in question for use as a CW. However, it is possible for terrorists to choose any chemicals with high toxicity.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Global impact of chemical warfare agents used before and after 1945

Popis výsledku anglicky

The threat of chemical weapons (CWs), used either by states or parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC; Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction) or by terrorists, has never attracted so much public attention as it has in the past 10 years. Despite the existing legal documents dealing with the prohibition of CWs, for example, Geneva Protocol 1925 and CWC, some incidents of the use of CWs in different conflicts and terrorist attacks have been observed. Moreover, the alleged use of CWs has been noted during the period from 1925 to the present. It must be emphasized that the theoretical and practical basis for production, storage, and use of CWs still exists. Also, it must be clearly stated that CWs are applicable at any time, in any place, and in large quantities. CWs consist of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and the means them to deliver to the target. They are characterized by high effectiveness for use against large targets and are known as area weapons or silent weapons. They are relatively low cost and it is possible to achieve destruction of everything that is living while avoiding the destruction of materials and buildings. They are also called the nuclear weapons of poor countries—a “poor man’s nuclear weapon.” It should be pointed out that the use of CWs is connected with the use or release of toxic chemicals; thus chemical warfare can be considered part of generally observed situations in which toxic chemicals are used or released and influence the environment and humankind. A number of causal reasons for these events exist but, apart from accidents connected with the release of toxic chemicals from a natural source (e.g., volcanoes), the factors shown in Fig. 3.1 or their combinations can be involved. For military purposes a number of chemicals were tested, but only a few are contained in military arsenals. However, according to the definition used by the CWC, any toxic chemical intended for military use must be considered a CW; in other words, the aim is to limit the designation of the compound in question for use as a CW. However, it is possible for terrorists to choose any chemicals with high toxicity.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

50601 - Political science

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2020

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

ISBN

978-0-12-819090-6

Počet stran výsledku

10

Strana od-do

27-36

Počet stran knihy

1318

Název nakladatele

Elsevier

Místo vydání

Oxford

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

—