Closing the gap: Follow-up observations of peculiar dusty objects close to Sgr A* using ERIS

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985815%3A_____%2F25%3A00643682" target="_blank" >RIV/67985815:_____/25:00643682 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/00216224:14310/25:00144626 RIV/00216208:11320/25:10508785

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0373778" target="_blank" >https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0373778</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556229" target="_blank" >10.1051/0004-6361/202556229</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Closing the gap: Follow-up observations of peculiar dusty objects close to Sgr A* using ERIS

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

In addition to the supermassive black hole Sgr A*, the inner parsec of our Galactic center is home to numerous habitats that have yielded a cornucopia of scientific results. One of these environments is the S cluster, which consists of two distinct populations: the main-sequence S stars, and the dusty G objects. While the majority of the brightest S stars can be classified as young B stars, the G sources can be described as dusty objects whose nature is still under debate. Aims. We focus on the most prominent G objects in the S cluster and follow their Keplerian trajectory around Sgr A*. With this, we test the predictions based on almost two decades of monitoring of the direct vicinity of our central supermassive black hole using NACO and SINFONI, formerly mounted at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The goal is to increase the existing data baseline for G2/DSO, D9, and X7 to obtain insights into their evolution on their Keplerian trajectories. In addition, we revisit the massive young stellar object (YSO) X3 and determine the potential impact of its environment on this highly dynamic source. Methods. The successor to the two instruments is called ERIS and offers upgraded optics and improved properties, including an enhanced spectral resolution. We used the IFU mode of ERIS, called SPIFFIER. We searched for the Doppler-shifted Br gamma emission line to rediscover peculiar objects in the S cluster using SPIFFIER with the highest available spatial plate scale of 12.5 mas. Furthermore, we derived the Br gamma luminosity of G2/DSO to inspect the degree of its change more than ten years after the pericenter passage. If present, a decrease in the Br gamma luminosity of G2/DSO in the descending part of the orbit would directly affect the direction of the debate about its nature. Results. All the sources we inspected were rediscovered in their predicted astrometric positions. This underlines the robustness of our monitoring efforts of the Galactic center. Furthermore, we found no signatures of a Br gamma luminosity variability for G2/DSO. The enhanced capabilities offered by ERIS allowed us to recover the periodic pattern that resulted in the detection of D9, the first binary system in the S cluster. The bow-shock source X7 does not deviate from its proposed Keplerian orbit and follows its projected orbit toward the north. Finally, we verified prominent stellar outflows for the massive YSO X3.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Closing the gap: Follow-up observations of peculiar dusty objects close to Sgr A* using ERIS

Popis výsledku anglicky

In addition to the supermassive black hole Sgr A*, the inner parsec of our Galactic center is home to numerous habitats that have yielded a cornucopia of scientific results. One of these environments is the S cluster, which consists of two distinct populations: the main-sequence S stars, and the dusty G objects. While the majority of the brightest S stars can be classified as young B stars, the G sources can be described as dusty objects whose nature is still under debate. Aims. We focus on the most prominent G objects in the S cluster and follow their Keplerian trajectory around Sgr A*. With this, we test the predictions based on almost two decades of monitoring of the direct vicinity of our central supermassive black hole using NACO and SINFONI, formerly mounted at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The goal is to increase the existing data baseline for G2/DSO, D9, and X7 to obtain insights into their evolution on their Keplerian trajectories. In addition, we revisit the massive young stellar object (YSO) X3 and determine the potential impact of its environment on this highly dynamic source. Methods. The successor to the two instruments is called ERIS and offers upgraded optics and improved properties, including an enhanced spectral resolution. We used the IFU mode of ERIS, called SPIFFIER. We searched for the Doppler-shifted Br gamma emission line to rediscover peculiar objects in the S cluster using SPIFFIER with the highest available spatial plate scale of 12.5 mas. Furthermore, we derived the Br gamma luminosity of G2/DSO to inspect the degree of its change more than ten years after the pericenter passage. If present, a decrease in the Br gamma luminosity of G2/DSO in the descending part of the orbit would directly affect the direction of the debate about its nature. Results. All the sources we inspected were rediscovered in their predicted astrometric positions. This underlines the robustness of our monitoring efforts of the Galactic center. Furthermore, we found no signatures of a Br gamma luminosity variability for G2/DSO. The enhanced capabilities offered by ERIS allowed us to recover the periodic pattern that resulted in the detection of D9, the first binary system in the S cluster. The bow-shock source X7 does not deviate from its proposed Keplerian orbit and follows its projected orbit toward the north. Finally, we verified prominent stellar outflows for the massive YSO X3.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10308 - Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/GM24-10599M" target="_blank" >GM24-10599M: Hvězdy v galaktických jádrech: vzájemný vztah s masivními černými dírami</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Astronomy & Astrophysics

ISSN

0004-6361

e-ISSN

1432-0746

Svazek periodika

704

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

Nov.

Stát vydavatele periodika

FR - Francouzská republika

Počet stran výsledku

16

Strana od-do

A7

Kód UT WoS článku

001627823900008

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105023576509