100 years of the Friedmann equation

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://css2022.math.cas.cz/proceedingsCSS2022.pdf" target="_blank" >https://css2022.math.cas.cz/proceedingsCSS2022.pdf</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

100 years of the Friedmann equation

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

In 1922, Alexander Friedmann applied Einstein’s equations to a three-dimensional sphere to describe the evolution of our universe. In this way he obtained a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (called after him) for the expansion function representing the radius of that sphere. At present, the standard cosmological ΛCDM model of the universe is based just on the Friedmann equation. It needs a significant amount of dark matter, about six times that of the usual baryonic matter, besides an even larger amount of dark energy to be consistent with the real universe. But to date, both dark matter and dark energy have remained without concrete evidence based on direct physical measurements. We present several arguments showing that such a claimed amount of dark matter and dark energy can only be the result of vast overestimation, incorrect extrapolations, and that it does not correspond to the real universe. The spatial part of our universe seems to be locally flat and thus it can be locally modeled by the Euclidean space. However, Friedmann did not consider the flat space with zero curvature. Therefore, in the second part of this paper we will derive a general form of the corresponding metric tensor satisfying Einstein’s equations with zero right-hand side.

Název v anglickém jazyce

100 years of the Friedmann equation

Popis výsledku anglicky

In 1922, Alexander Friedmann applied Einstein’s equations to a three-dimensional sphere to describe the evolution of our universe. In this way he obtained a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (called after him) for the expansion function representing the radius of that sphere. At present, the standard cosmological ΛCDM model of the universe is based just on the Friedmann equation. It needs a significant amount of dark matter, about six times that of the usual baryonic matter, besides an even larger amount of dark energy to be consistent with the real universe. But to date, both dark matter and dark energy have remained without concrete evidence based on direct physical measurements. We present several arguments showing that such a claimed amount of dark matter and dark energy can only be the result of vast overestimation, incorrect extrapolations, and that it does not correspond to the real universe. The spatial part of our universe seems to be locally flat and thus it can be locally modeled by the Euclidean space. However, Friedmann did not consider the flat space with zero curvature. Therefore, in the second part of this paper we will derive a general form of the corresponding metric tensor satisfying Einstein’s equations with zero right-hand side.

Druh

D - Stať ve sborníku

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

10308 - Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2022

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název statě ve sborníku

Proceedings of the International Conference Cosmology on Small Scales 2022 : Dark Energy and the Local Hubble Expansion Problem

ISBN

978-80-85823-72-1

ISSN

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e-ISSN

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Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

131-144

Název nakladatele

Institute of Mathematics CAS

Místo vydání

Prague

Místo konání akce

Prague

Datum konání akce

21. 9. 2022

Typ akce podle státní příslušnosti

WRD - Celosvětová akce

Kód UT WoS článku

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