Application of a Total Pressure Sensor in Supersonic Flow for Shock Wave Analysis Under Low-Pressure Conditions

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68081731%3A_____%2F25%3A00640851" target="_blank" >RIV/68081731:_____/25:00640851 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/62156489:43210/25:43927662

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/20/6291" target="_blank" >https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/20/6291</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s25206291" target="_blank" >10.3390/s25206291</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Application of a Total Pressure Sensor in Supersonic Flow for Shock Wave Analysis Under Low-Pressure Conditions

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

This study examines the design and implementation of a sensor developed to measure total pressure in supersonic flow conditions using nitrogen as the working fluid. Using a combination of absolute and differential pressure sensors, the total pressure distribution downstream of a nozzle-where normal shock waves are generated-was characterized across a range of low-pressure regimes. The experimental results were employed to validate and calibrate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, particularly within pressure ranges approaching the limits of continuum mechanics. The validated analyses enabled a more detailed examination of shock-wave behavior under near-continuum conditions, with direct relevance to the operational environment of differentially pumped chambers in Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Furthermore, an entropy increase across the normal shock wave at low pressures was quantified, attributed to the extended molecular mean free path and local deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Application of a Total Pressure Sensor in Supersonic Flow for Shock Wave Analysis Under Low-Pressure Conditions

Popis výsledku anglicky

This study examines the design and implementation of a sensor developed to measure total pressure in supersonic flow conditions using nitrogen as the working fluid. Using a combination of absolute and differential pressure sensors, the total pressure distribution downstream of a nozzle-where normal shock waves are generated-was characterized across a range of low-pressure regimes. The experimental results were employed to validate and calibrate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, particularly within pressure ranges approaching the limits of continuum mechanics. The validated analyses enabled a more detailed examination of shock-wave behavior under near-continuum conditions, with direct relevance to the operational environment of differentially pumped chambers in Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Furthermore, an entropy increase across the normal shock wave at low pressures was quantified, attributed to the extended molecular mean free path and local deviations from thermodynamic equilibrium.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20201 - Electrical and electronic engineering

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Sensors

ISSN

1424-8220

e-ISSN

1424-8220

Svazek periodika

25

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

20

Stát vydavatele periodika

CH - Švýcarská konfederace

Počet stran výsledku

23

Strana od-do

6291

Kód UT WoS článku

001602626000001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105020242091