Altered Homeostatic Functions in Reactive Astrocytes and Their Potential as a Therapeutic Target After Brain Ischemic Injury

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68378041%3A_____%2F17%3A00476752" target="_blank" >RIV/68378041:_____/17:00476752 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170710161858" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170710161858</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170710161858" target="_blank" >10.2174/1381612823666170710161858</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Altered Homeostatic Functions in Reactive Astrocytes and Their Potential as a Therapeutic Target After Brain Ischemic Injury

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Brain ischemic injury represents one of the greatest medical challenges for the aging population in developed countries, yet despite strong efforts, possibilities to treat ischemic injury still remain poor. Stroke, the most common type of brain ischemic injury in humans, is caused by brain artery occlusion, and represents a focal form of ischemia, which leads to neuronal loss in the ischemic core, and glial scar formation in the penumbral region around the core. Such glial scar mainly comprises reactive astrocytes, reactive NG2 glia and activated microglia. Reactive astrocytes display distinct features when compared to healthy astroglia, including changes in their morphology, metabolism, gene expression profiles, production of extracellular matrix proteins or proliferation rate. Similarly to astrocytes in the healthy nervous tissue, reactive astrocytes surrounding the glial scar strongly influence the activity of surviving neurons around the ischemic lesion. Bringing insight into pathophysiological functions of reactive astrocytes within the glial scar might thus open new possibilities for stroke treatment. Here, we summarize the properties of reactive astrocytes, with emphasis on the expression and function of ion channels, transporters and neurotransmitter receptors, all of which possess the ability to change the functional state of astrocytes, such as the membrane equilibrium potentials for different ions. This may have major effects on the functioning of surviving neurons, consequently leading to changes in neuronal excitability and progression of secondary pathologies, such as epilepsy. Moreover, we provide possible clues for therapy, based on functional modulation of astrocytic ion transporting mechanisms.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Altered Homeostatic Functions in Reactive Astrocytes and Their Potential as a Therapeutic Target After Brain Ischemic Injury

Popis výsledku anglicky

Brain ischemic injury represents one of the greatest medical challenges for the aging population in developed countries, yet despite strong efforts, possibilities to treat ischemic injury still remain poor. Stroke, the most common type of brain ischemic injury in humans, is caused by brain artery occlusion, and represents a focal form of ischemia, which leads to neuronal loss in the ischemic core, and glial scar formation in the penumbral region around the core. Such glial scar mainly comprises reactive astrocytes, reactive NG2 glia and activated microglia. Reactive astrocytes display distinct features when compared to healthy astroglia, including changes in their morphology, metabolism, gene expression profiles, production of extracellular matrix proteins or proliferation rate. Similarly to astrocytes in the healthy nervous tissue, reactive astrocytes surrounding the glial scar strongly influence the activity of surviving neurons around the ischemic lesion. Bringing insight into pathophysiological functions of reactive astrocytes within the glial scar might thus open new possibilities for stroke treatment. Here, we summarize the properties of reactive astrocytes, with emphasis on the expression and function of ion channels, transporters and neurotransmitter receptors, all of which possess the ability to change the functional state of astrocytes, such as the membrane equilibrium potentials for different ions. This may have major effects on the functioning of surviving neurons, consequently leading to changes in neuronal excitability and progression of secondary pathologies, such as epilepsy. Moreover, we provide possible clues for therapy, based on functional modulation of astrocytic ion transporting mechanisms.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30103 - Neurosciences (including psychophysiology)

Projekt

Výsledek vznikl pri realizaci vícero projektů. Více informací v záložce Projekty.

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2017

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Current Pharmaceutical Design

ISSN

1381-6128

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

23

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

33

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

19

Strana od-do

5056-5074

Kód UT WoS článku

000419735900013

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85041677452