A review of nucleation models in various systems

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68378271%3A_____%2F25%3A00639141" target="_blank" >RIV/68378271:_____/25:00639141 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

A review of nucleation models in various systems

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

We summarize homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation for vapor-liquid, vapor-solid, and liquid-solid phase transitions. In all cases, the formation of clusters plays an important role in the nucleation process. Nuclei of a new phase (supercritical clusters) form after overcoming the nucleation barrier W* at the critical size i*. In binary nucleation, W* corresponds to the saddle point when W reaches a minimum during the formation of nuclei. For heterogeneous nucleation on a foreign surface, W is influenced not only by interfacial energies but also by surface shape. A special case of heterogeneous nucleation is nucleation on active centers, where the nucleation barrier is lower, thus making active centers preferred for nucleation. However, the formation of nuclei also depends on kinetics. In small encapsulated systems, the depletion of the parent phase, i. e., a decrease in supersaturation or a decrease in the number of atoms in the parent phase, influences the formation of nuclei. In very small systems, there is an insufficient number of monomers, so new nuclei cannot form. In the case of nucleation in a supersaturated vapor or solution within an encapsulated system, a decrease in supersaturation increases W, which influences the formation of nuclei.

Název v anglickém jazyce

A review of nucleation models in various systems

Popis výsledku anglicky

We summarize homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation for vapor-liquid, vapor-solid, and liquid-solid phase transitions. In all cases, the formation of clusters plays an important role in the nucleation process. Nuclei of a new phase (supercritical clusters) form after overcoming the nucleation barrier W* at the critical size i*. In binary nucleation, W* corresponds to the saddle point when W reaches a minimum during the formation of nuclei. For heterogeneous nucleation on a foreign surface, W is influenced not only by interfacial energies but also by surface shape. A special case of heterogeneous nucleation is nucleation on active centers, where the nucleation barrier is lower, thus making active centers preferred for nucleation. However, the formation of nuclei also depends on kinetics. In small encapsulated systems, the depletion of the parent phase, i. e., a decrease in supersaturation or a decrease in the number of atoms in the parent phase, influences the formation of nuclei. In very small systems, there is an insufficient number of monomers, so new nuclei cannot form. In the case of nucleation in a supersaturated vapor or solution within an encapsulated system, a decrease in supersaturation increases W, which influences the formation of nuclei.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

10302 - Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.)

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/EH23_020%2F0008525" target="_blank" >EH23_020/0008525: Inovativní laserové a scintilační materiály pro moderní aplikace</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů