Water-enhanced high-pressure hydrogen entry to steel

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Water-enhanced high-pressure hydrogen entry to steel

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The utilization of hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier is a cornerstone in the ongoing effort to achieve carbon neutrality. It can serve not only as a fuel in transportation and industrial feedstock but also as a medium for long-term storage of energy generated by renewable sources. In a medium-term scenario, hydrogen will be blended with natural gas and distributed using the existing natural gas infrastructure. Within an industry-led project, we investigated the entry of hydrogen to steel in environments and conditions present in underground gas storage facilities, together with the new parameter – pressurized hydrogen. The goal was to identify critical risk factors potentially resulting in hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Hydrogen content in carbon steel exposed to series of real and model environments was measured by thermal desorption analysis (TDA). Hydrogen entry to steel was low in dry gaseous hydrogen up to 80 bars and 50 °C. It increased when steel was in contact with humid hydrogen or water solution and pressurised hydrogen. In particular, the contact with bulk water solutions increased the hydrogen content in steel by more than an order of magnitude compared to dry hydrogen at identical elevated pressure from 30 bars. By using two hydrogen isotopes and TDA with two mass spectroscopes, it was proved that atomic hydrogen in steel originated from the gaseous phase. A new mechanism of the water-enhanced highpressure hydrogen entry was proposed. It is controlled by hydrogen pressure and little affected by temperature and environmental corrosivity. The role of static and dynamic mechanical loading in hydrogen entry and HE was also investigated. Practical implications of the findings for the risk of steel HE in gas infrastructure will be discussed.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Water-enhanced high-pressure hydrogen entry to steel

Popis výsledku anglicky

The utilization of hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier is a cornerstone in the ongoing effort to achieve carbon neutrality. It can serve not only as a fuel in transportation and industrial feedstock but also as a medium for long-term storage of energy generated by renewable sources. In a medium-term scenario, hydrogen will be blended with natural gas and distributed using the existing natural gas infrastructure. Within an industry-led project, we investigated the entry of hydrogen to steel in environments and conditions present in underground gas storage facilities, together with the new parameter – pressurized hydrogen. The goal was to identify critical risk factors potentially resulting in hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Hydrogen content in carbon steel exposed to series of real and model environments was measured by thermal desorption analysis (TDA). Hydrogen entry to steel was low in dry gaseous hydrogen up to 80 bars and 50 °C. It increased when steel was in contact with humid hydrogen or water solution and pressurised hydrogen. In particular, the contact with bulk water solutions increased the hydrogen content in steel by more than an order of magnitude compared to dry hydrogen at identical elevated pressure from 30 bars. By using two hydrogen isotopes and TDA with two mass spectroscopes, it was proved that atomic hydrogen in steel originated from the gaseous phase. A new mechanism of the water-enhanced highpressure hydrogen entry was proposed. It is controlled by hydrogen pressure and little affected by temperature and environmental corrosivity. The role of static and dynamic mechanical loading in hydrogen entry and HE was also investigated. Practical implications of the findings for the risk of steel HE in gas infrastructure will be discussed.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

20501 - Materials engineering

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů