Effect of rainfall intensity and energy on the protective technical measures under heavy storm

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68407700%3A21110%2F19%3A00332217" target="_blank" >RIV/68407700:21110/19:00332217 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000347539" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000347539</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000347539" target="_blank" >10.3929/ethz-b-000347539</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Effect of rainfall intensity and energy on the protective technical measures under heavy storm

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Extreme rainfall events with high peak intensity and high kinetic energy cause fast water runoff, often accompanied with soil erosion and sediment transport. Soil degradation due to the rainfall usually occurs on steep and bare slopes. Earth embankments without vegetation protection along the roads, railroads are endangered. Unprotected bare slopes are also present in urban areas, typically on construction sites. In the conditions of Europe the earthworks stage usually overlaps with the period of sudden heavy rainstorms with very high erosivity factors. This causes mobilization of large amounts of soil to the surrounding environment. For systematic evaluation one needs a large amount of data of various combinations of soil types, soil surface treatments, hillslope inclinations and rainfall characteristics. The specific goal of this research is the testing of surface protection measures and evaluation it’s effectivity in relation to soil erosion. We investigate technical measures that have a potential to protect the slopes against the splash erosion, rills development and the topsoil sliding. The experiments are done on the 4 m long inclined plots with different inclination. Three of the plots, encapsulated in large steel containers, are equipped with a nozzle rainfall simulator, with sediment and runoff collection system and with soil water regime and temperature regime monitoring. We analyze the runoff, soil loss and surface topography changes for various rainfall, slopes and protection measures scenarios. Based on the primary results we can conclude that the unprotected slopes generate 20x larger amount of sediment. Shortly after the start of the rainfall with intensity that exceeds the soil infiltration capacity we observed surface runoff followed by development of rills. On contrary, even lightly protected slopes produce only minimal soil loss, even though the water runoff stays comparable to the bare soil. The research is funded by the TH02030428, GA17-33751L.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Effect of rainfall intensity and energy on the protective technical measures under heavy storm

Popis výsledku anglicky

Extreme rainfall events with high peak intensity and high kinetic energy cause fast water runoff, often accompanied with soil erosion and sediment transport. Soil degradation due to the rainfall usually occurs on steep and bare slopes. Earth embankments without vegetation protection along the roads, railroads are endangered. Unprotected bare slopes are also present in urban areas, typically on construction sites. In the conditions of Europe the earthworks stage usually overlaps with the period of sudden heavy rainstorms with very high erosivity factors. This causes mobilization of large amounts of soil to the surrounding environment. For systematic evaluation one needs a large amount of data of various combinations of soil types, soil surface treatments, hillslope inclinations and rainfall characteristics. The specific goal of this research is the testing of surface protection measures and evaluation it’s effectivity in relation to soil erosion. We investigate technical measures that have a potential to protect the slopes against the splash erosion, rills development and the topsoil sliding. The experiments are done on the 4 m long inclined plots with different inclination. Three of the plots, encapsulated in large steel containers, are equipped with a nozzle rainfall simulator, with sediment and runoff collection system and with soil water regime and temperature regime monitoring. We analyze the runoff, soil loss and surface topography changes for various rainfall, slopes and protection measures scenarios. Based on the primary results we can conclude that the unprotected slopes generate 20x larger amount of sediment. Shortly after the start of the rainfall with intensity that exceeds the soil infiltration capacity we observed surface runoff followed by development of rills. On contrary, even lightly protected slopes produce only minimal soil loss, even though the water runoff stays comparable to the bare soil. The research is funded by the TH02030428, GA17-33751L.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10501 - Hydrology

Projekt

Výsledek vznikl pri realizaci vícero projektů. Více informací v záložce Projekty.

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů