Evaluations of rill and interrill erosion using rainfall simulators, SfM and mini-JET

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Evaluations of rill and interrill erosion using rainfall simulators, SfM and mini-JET

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

One of the key questions in soil erosion modelling is to distinguish between rill and interrill runoff, hence the rill erodibility steeply rises in many cases compared to the sheet flow process. Another uncertainty is then defining the volumes of soil loss initiated by splash, sheet flow, and concentrated flow. Several approaches can be used to measure soil loss initiated by rainfall simulators. Direct methods of erosion monitoring include measurement of the erosion process by sampling surface runoff or soil particles directly in droplet erosion, followed by laboratory analysis of the amount of dried soil particles. These values are usually taken as reference values. Indirect methods include the use of Structure from Motion - Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS). Especially rill erosion can be realistically estimated using SfM-MVS. The problem remains in defining exact rill definitions in shape for cases when pre-experiment data are not available. For these applications, we are testing machine learning approaches to define rill boundaries only based on imagery of the resulting eroded surfaces. The experiments utilized CTU Prague lab RS (Kavka et al., 2019) and Stable Rain Simulators of plot sizes from 1x1 m size to 2x8 m sizes (Kavka et al., 2018). A third method to define soil surface erodibility 'in the spot' is the Mini-JET device. The JET device was used in recent decades mostly to define the erodibility of cohesive surfaces such as stream banks and stream bed. Mini-JET is a small copy of the original device. The stream of water, which is generated by constant pressure, passes through the nozzle and strikes perpendicular to the soil surface. The soil surface is flooded with water during the experiment; the nozzle is completely immersed in water, so subsequent calculations of erosion parameters are based on the dynamics of the immersed jet. The measured data from the Mini-JET will be compared with other methods to determine soil erodibility. This comparison will verify whether the device can be used as a suitable method to determine the characteristics of erodibility on agricultural land. These data can then be used as input parameters in several computational models. Different approaches to estimate soil erodibility and soil erosion will be presented with their pluses and minuses as seen in all experiments conducted by CTU in Prague in recent years. In 2023 our team started a new cooperation with the Group of Soil Sciences and Geomorphology at the University of Tübingen. Both teams will benefit from the expansion of datasets of measured data with simulators of larger scales and experience gained from multiscale experiments focused on different forms of erosion process (splash erosion, interrill erosion, rill erosion preferential pathways). This research was supported by projects EU TUdi 101000224, NAZV QK22010261, Mobility 8J23DE006, TA ČR SS01020366, and by the Grant Agency of the CTU in Prague, grant application no. OHK1-086/23.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Evaluations of rill and interrill erosion using rainfall simulators, SfM and mini-JET

Popis výsledku anglicky

One of the key questions in soil erosion modelling is to distinguish between rill and interrill runoff, hence the rill erodibility steeply rises in many cases compared to the sheet flow process. Another uncertainty is then defining the volumes of soil loss initiated by splash, sheet flow, and concentrated flow. Several approaches can be used to measure soil loss initiated by rainfall simulators. Direct methods of erosion monitoring include measurement of the erosion process by sampling surface runoff or soil particles directly in droplet erosion, followed by laboratory analysis of the amount of dried soil particles. These values are usually taken as reference values. Indirect methods include the use of Structure from Motion - Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS). Especially rill erosion can be realistically estimated using SfM-MVS. The problem remains in defining exact rill definitions in shape for cases when pre-experiment data are not available. For these applications, we are testing machine learning approaches to define rill boundaries only based on imagery of the resulting eroded surfaces. The experiments utilized CTU Prague lab RS (Kavka et al., 2019) and Stable Rain Simulators of plot sizes from 1x1 m size to 2x8 m sizes (Kavka et al., 2018). A third method to define soil surface erodibility 'in the spot' is the Mini-JET device. The JET device was used in recent decades mostly to define the erodibility of cohesive surfaces such as stream banks and stream bed. Mini-JET is a small copy of the original device. The stream of water, which is generated by constant pressure, passes through the nozzle and strikes perpendicular to the soil surface. The soil surface is flooded with water during the experiment; the nozzle is completely immersed in water, so subsequent calculations of erosion parameters are based on the dynamics of the immersed jet. The measured data from the Mini-JET will be compared with other methods to determine soil erodibility. This comparison will verify whether the device can be used as a suitable method to determine the characteristics of erodibility on agricultural land. These data can then be used as input parameters in several computational models. Different approaches to estimate soil erodibility and soil erosion will be presented with their pluses and minuses as seen in all experiments conducted by CTU in Prague in recent years. In 2023 our team started a new cooperation with the Group of Soil Sciences and Geomorphology at the University of Tübingen. Both teams will benefit from the expansion of datasets of measured data with simulators of larger scales and experience gained from multiscale experiments focused on different forms of erosion process (splash erosion, interrill erosion, rill erosion preferential pathways). This research was supported by projects EU TUdi 101000224, NAZV QK22010261, Mobility 8J23DE006, TA ČR SS01020366, and by the Grant Agency of the CTU in Prague, grant application no. OHK1-086/23.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

10501 - Hydrology

Projekt

Výsledek vznikl pri realizaci vícero projektů. Více informací v záložce Projekty.

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2023

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů