Absorption power cycles for low-temperature heat sources using aqueous salt solutions as working fluids

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68407700%3A21220%2F17%3A00310428" target="_blank" >RIV/68407700:21220/17:00310428 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/er.3671/full" target="_blank" >http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/er.3671/full</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3671" target="_blank" >10.1002/er.3671</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Absorption power cycles for low-temperature heat sources using aqueous salt solutions as working fluids

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

There are many low-temperature heat sources; however, current technologies for their utilization have a relatively low efficiency and high cost. The leading technology in the low-temperature domain for heat-to-work conversion is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Absorption power cycles (APCs) are a second option. Nearly all currently known APCs, most importantly the Kalina cycle, use a water-ammonia mixture as their working fluids. This paper offers a theoretical exploration of the possibility of utilizing aqueous solutions of three salts (lithium bromide, lithium chloride and calcium chloride), known mainly from absorption cooling, as working fluids for APCs. The cycles are compared with a typical steam Rankine cycle, a water-ammonia APC, and (subcritical) ORCs with a range of working fluids explored. The analysis includes a parasitic load for heat rejection by a cooling tower or air-cooled condenser. The absorption cycles exhibit better performance than all Rankine-based cycles analysed in temperatures below 120°C. For the LiBr-based APC, a detailed thermal design of the cycle is provided for 100°C water as a heat source and a sensitivity analysis is performed of the parameters controlling the main cycle. Mechanical design considerations should not pose a problem for small power units, especially in the case of expansion machines, which are often problematic in ORCs. The salt-based APCs also carry environmental benefits, as the salts utilized in the working fluids are non-toxic.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Absorption power cycles for low-temperature heat sources using aqueous salt solutions as working fluids

Popis výsledku anglicky

There are many low-temperature heat sources; however, current technologies for their utilization have a relatively low efficiency and high cost. The leading technology in the low-temperature domain for heat-to-work conversion is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Absorption power cycles (APCs) are a second option. Nearly all currently known APCs, most importantly the Kalina cycle, use a water-ammonia mixture as their working fluids. This paper offers a theoretical exploration of the possibility of utilizing aqueous solutions of three salts (lithium bromide, lithium chloride and calcium chloride), known mainly from absorption cooling, as working fluids for APCs. The cycles are compared with a typical steam Rankine cycle, a water-ammonia APC, and (subcritical) ORCs with a range of working fluids explored. The analysis includes a parasitic load for heat rejection by a cooling tower or air-cooled condenser. The absorption cycles exhibit better performance than all Rankine-based cycles analysed in temperatures below 120°C. For the LiBr-based APC, a detailed thermal design of the cycle is provided for 100°C water as a heat source and a sensitivity analysis is performed of the parameters controlling the main cycle. Mechanical design considerations should not pose a problem for small power units, especially in the case of expansion machines, which are often problematic in ORCs. The salt-based APCs also carry environmental benefits, as the salts utilized in the working fluids are non-toxic.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20704 - Energy and fuels

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2017

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

International Journal of Energy Research

ISSN

0363-907X

e-ISSN

1099-114X

Svazek periodika

41

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

7

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

24

Strana od-do

952-975

Kód UT WoS článku

000403300200003

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85028254425