Less is more: innovative cationic initiators effective in visible light for 3D printing

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68407700%3A21220%2F25%3A00386100" target="_blank" >RIV/68407700:21220/25:00386100 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.165033" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.165033</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.165033" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.cej.2025.165033</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Less is more: innovative cationic initiators effective in visible light for 3D printing

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Herein, we present completely new structures of photoinitiators-iodonium salts of biphenyl derivatives. The structures of the compounds were designed to, the absorbance of the initiators matched the characteristics of the emission spectra of 3D printers and at the same time to ensure that the absorbance characteristics did not generate the intensive color of the compounds (less is more). Spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies were also conducted. Their potential to initiate cationic and radical photopolymerization was tested using Real-Time FT-IR method. These initiators have been proven to efficiently initiate cationic and radical photopolymerisation processes using UV or Vis-LEDs. This makes the specially developed compositions with these initiators suitable for dental applications, for the preparation of dental composites. A cytotoxicity test of the developed cured compositions was carried out using 3 cell lines: CHO, FB1, FB2. The data obtained show that the compositions have low toxicity and all meet the requirements suggested for biological/dental applications in the ISO 10993-5 regulations to have a cell viability of not <70%. In addition, the same compositions are suitable for photo-curable 3D printing. Moreover, the biphenyl derivatives efficiently initiate the cationic photopolymerisation of the vinyl monomer and are suitable for obtaining prints with good resolution (which is impossible for the commercially available SpeedCure 938 initiator). Finally, hardness and elasticity at microscale of the developed compositions and composites with the biphenyl derivative initiator were carried out. It was shown that the efficiency of the curing has an effect on the hardness and elasticity values achieved.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Less is more: innovative cationic initiators effective in visible light for 3D printing

Popis výsledku anglicky

Herein, we present completely new structures of photoinitiators-iodonium salts of biphenyl derivatives. The structures of the compounds were designed to, the absorbance of the initiators matched the characteristics of the emission spectra of 3D printers and at the same time to ensure that the absorbance characteristics did not generate the intensive color of the compounds (less is more). Spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies were also conducted. Their potential to initiate cationic and radical photopolymerization was tested using Real-Time FT-IR method. These initiators have been proven to efficiently initiate cationic and radical photopolymerisation processes using UV or Vis-LEDs. This makes the specially developed compositions with these initiators suitable for dental applications, for the preparation of dental composites. A cytotoxicity test of the developed cured compositions was carried out using 3 cell lines: CHO, FB1, FB2. The data obtained show that the compositions have low toxicity and all meet the requirements suggested for biological/dental applications in the ISO 10993-5 regulations to have a cell viability of not <70%. In addition, the same compositions are suitable for photo-curable 3D printing. Moreover, the biphenyl derivatives efficiently initiate the cationic photopolymerisation of the vinyl monomer and are suitable for obtaining prints with good resolution (which is impossible for the commercially available SpeedCure 938 initiator). Finally, hardness and elasticity at microscale of the developed compositions and composites with the biphenyl derivative initiator were carried out. It was shown that the efficiency of the curing has an effect on the hardness and elasticity values achieved.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20402 - Chemical process engineering

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Chemical Engineering Journal

ISSN

1385-8947

e-ISSN

1873-3212

Svazek periodika

519

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

June

Stát vydavatele periodika

CH - Švýcarská konfederace

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

1-14

Kód UT WoS článku

001524578100013

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105009496217