Ruská/sovětská imperiální (koloniální) politika vůči Ukrajině

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11210%2F23%3A10477703" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11210/23:10477703 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

čeština

Název v původním jazyce

Ruská/sovětská imperiální (koloniální) politika vůči Ukrajině

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Cílem této studie je analyzovat ruskou/sovětskou národnostní politiku především ve vztahu k ukrajinskému národu od chvíle, kdy se začal rozvíjet ukrajinský nacionalismus ve druhé polovině 19. století.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Russian/Soviet Imperial (Colonial) policy towards Ukraine

Popis výsledku anglicky

The study discusses one of the most complex questions in modern East European history: the position of Ukrainian nation within the Russian Empire and later Soviet state, partly in present context of Russian-Ukrainian war conflict and discussions within the paradigms of colonialism and post-colonialism, respectively imperialism and post-imperialism. The complex reality of Russian/Soviet-Ukrainian relations in different periods of long development since the 1850s till present times is interpreted in the context of the most important works of Western, Ukrainian, Russian, and Czech historiography to this topic. In the end of this study we discuss rather &quot;small&quot; achievements of Czech historiography and challenges which the modern Czech historians and scholars faces.The first part of the study analyses two dichotomous interpretation scopes of modern Ukrainian history which reflects mostly on national interpretation of history according to models of colonialism/post-colonialism and imperialism/post-imperialism. Yulia Yurchuk defines them as Ukrainian national model and/or Soviet/Russian model. While colonial, anti-colonial and post-colonial constructs assign to Ukraine the role of victim of Russian/Soviet imperial policy, the imperial and post-imperial models frame the Ukrainian nation, sometimes even viewed as no nation at all, in subordinated position to the ruling Russian nation, or Soviet supra-national, but largely Russified, state.The second part of the study deals with the birth of Ukrainian nationalism in the second half of the 19th century and complex Russian-Ukrainian relations. Although the representatives of Russian imperial policy in 18th and 19th centuries came to an understanding the process of integration and assimilation of Ukrainian elites into the Russian empire was completed, they failed to observe that Ukrainian, predominantly peasant identity, as the Russian one in many respects as well, was not influenced till 1914 by European processes of modernisation, and thus their identity remained rather parochial or pre-national. According to Andrew Wilson, the Ukrainians were not yet Russians or Little Russians as Russian state representatives believed. The study, then, explains the development of Ukrainian nationalism and failure to establish Ukrainian national independent state after the First World War due to a number of weaknesses of the Ukrainian national movement.The third section analyses the Soviet concepts of national policy in 1920s, especially in the context of Lenin&apos;s ideas. The result of complex discussions within the Soviet government was the establishment of the Soviet federative state in 1922 and introduction of the korenizatsiya policy. The national policy of the Soviet leadership was to be characterized as vaguely defined combination of supranational, or international principles, and conglomerate of a number of other principles, such as national, federal, unitary and imperial statehood, which caused a number of confusions in practical national policies of the Soviet state throughout the 20th century.The fourth section deals with the development of moderate Ukrainian nationalism, represented by young Ukrainian elites, which used the favourable policy of Ukrainization, supported by the Soviet state. The moderate version of Ukrainian modernism gave the Ukrainian elites &quot;for the first time in modern history possibility to assert the real influence on Ukrainian peasants&quot;, but the brutal attack of the Soviet state on representatives of Ukrainization and new elites of Ukrainian modernism in 1930s, supplemented by certain attractiveness of rival version of Soviet modernism, caused the prevalence of the latter in Soviet Ukraine primarily during the Second World War and after. On the other hand, the traditions of Ukrainian nationalism, both moderate, and radical (Western Ukrainian), remained the opened possibility how to construct Ukrainian identity within the Soviet Union (for example the Sixtiers and dissidents), or by Ukrainians in exile. This framework of nationalism began to prevail in Ukraine since Orange revolution and events of Euromaidan.Last but not least, we discuss the achievement of Czech historiography and challenges which the new generation of Czech scholars have been facing since 1989 in new circumstances of the complex development of Eastern and Central Europe.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

60500 - Other Humanities and the Arts

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2023

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Aktuální otázky výzkumu dějin a kultury východní Evropy

ISBN

978-80-7286-424-9

Počet stran výsledku

21

Strana od-do

145-165

Počet stran knihy

256

Název nakladatele

Historický ústav AV ČR

Místo vydání

Praha

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

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