Early Rate of Force Development and Maximal Strength at Different Positions of the Athletic Shoulder Test in Baseball Players

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11510%2F25%3A10505979" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11510/25:10505979 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=tIDQQNS3jt" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=tIDQQNS3jt</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports13090300" target="_blank" >10.3390/sports13090300</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Early Rate of Force Development and Maximal Strength at Different Positions of the Athletic Shoulder Test in Baseball Players

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Background/Objectives: Peak force (PF) reflects maximal strength, while early rate of force development (RFD; 0-100 ms) indicates explosive neuromuscular output. The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test is gaining popularity in overhead athlete profiling, but its use for assessing explosive strength in various shoulder positions is underexplored. This study compared PF and RFD at shoulder abductions of 180 degrees (ASH-I), 135 degrees (ASH-Y), and 90 degrees (ASH-T) in baseball players. Methods: Seventeen male athletes (age 22.7 +/- 4.2 years; height 186.3 +/- 7.3 cm; body mass 83.9 +/- 10.1 kg) performed isometric ASH tests with the dominant arm. PF, PF relative to body mass (PF/BM), and early RFD were analysed. Results: ASH I showed 25% significantly higher PF (182 +/- 41 N), PF/BM (2.15 +/- 0.39 N/kg), and 40% higher RFD (545 N/s) than ASH Y or T (all p &lt; 0.001), which did not differ significantly. PF showed excellent reliability (ICC = 0.86-0.93); RFD showed moderate-to-good reliability (ICC = 0.75-0.81). Smallest worthwhile changes were similar to 5% for PF and similar to 15% for RFD. Conclusions: Maximal isometric shoulder strength and explosiveness were highest at 180 degrees abduction in baseball athletes, with no significant difference between 135 degrees and 90 degrees. PF demonstrated excellent reliability, while early RFD showed moderate to good reliability and higher variability, highlighting the need for repeated measures. These findings provide specific position reference values and support the inclusion of multiple abduction angles in shoulder strength assessment to detect neuromuscular deficits and monitor training adaptations in baseball athletes.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Early Rate of Force Development and Maximal Strength at Different Positions of the Athletic Shoulder Test in Baseball Players

Popis výsledku anglicky

Background/Objectives: Peak force (PF) reflects maximal strength, while early rate of force development (RFD; 0-100 ms) indicates explosive neuromuscular output. The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test is gaining popularity in overhead athlete profiling, but its use for assessing explosive strength in various shoulder positions is underexplored. This study compared PF and RFD at shoulder abductions of 180 degrees (ASH-I), 135 degrees (ASH-Y), and 90 degrees (ASH-T) in baseball players. Methods: Seventeen male athletes (age 22.7 +/- 4.2 years; height 186.3 +/- 7.3 cm; body mass 83.9 +/- 10.1 kg) performed isometric ASH tests with the dominant arm. PF, PF relative to body mass (PF/BM), and early RFD were analysed. Results: ASH I showed 25% significantly higher PF (182 +/- 41 N), PF/BM (2.15 +/- 0.39 N/kg), and 40% higher RFD (545 N/s) than ASH Y or T (all p &lt; 0.001), which did not differ significantly. PF showed excellent reliability (ICC = 0.86-0.93); RFD showed moderate-to-good reliability (ICC = 0.75-0.81). Smallest worthwhile changes were similar to 5% for PF and similar to 15% for RFD. Conclusions: Maximal isometric shoulder strength and explosiveness were highest at 180 degrees abduction in baseball athletes, with no significant difference between 135 degrees and 90 degrees. PF demonstrated excellent reliability, while early RFD showed moderate to good reliability and higher variability, highlighting the need for repeated measures. These findings provide specific position reference values and support the inclusion of multiple abduction angles in shoulder strength assessment to detect neuromuscular deficits and monitor training adaptations in baseball athletes.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

30306 - Sport and fitness sciences

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Sports

ISSN

2075-4663

e-ISSN

2075-4663

Svazek periodika

13

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

9

Stát vydavatele periodika

CH - Švýcarská konfederace

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

300

Kód UT WoS článku

001582202800001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105017306877