Male social status and its predictors among Garisakang forager-horticulturalists of lowland Papua New Guinea

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60076658%3A12310%2F17%3A43895655" target="_blank" >RIV/60076658:12310/17:43895655 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1090513817300399/1-s2.0-S1090513817300399-main.pdf?_tid=1a7a1532-f61c-11e7-9eae-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1515598802_a7ae43e6cc90bdbbe994c26499ee6e17" target="_blank" >https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1090513817300399/1-s2.0-S1090513817300399-main.pdf?_tid=1a7a1532-f61c-11e7-9eae-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1515598802_a7ae43e6cc90bdbbe994c26499ee6e17</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2017.05.005" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2017.05.005</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Male social status and its predictors among Garisakang forager-horticulturalists of lowland Papua New Guinea

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Social hierarchy exists in all human societies, yet the characteristics important for achieving high social status may differ cross-culturally. Studies among Western industrialized populations often use indices of socioeconomic status (SES) to determine individual social position. Conversely, studies among small-scale societies typically use locally relevant traits. Cross-cultural applicability and the relationships between these two strategies have rarely been investigated. Studies limited to industrialized societies demonstrate that low social status is associated with poor health and elevated levels of chronic stress. It remains unclear, however, if and to what extent this relationship is a recent phenomenon in industrialized Western society or a universal human characteristic that has likely been present throughout much of our recent evolutionary history. In this study, we investigate relationships between various SES and locally relevant measures of male social status, age, body-mass index (BMI), and levels of waking salivary cortisol among relatively egalitarian Garisakang forager-horticulturalists of lowland Papua New Guinea. We employ a photo-ranking method using 32 raters (16 women, 16 men) to evaluate 15 measures of social hierarchy in men (N = 32). These measures target locally relevant traits considered important for male social status (e.g., sociability, hunting skills, fighting ability, and community influence). Using principal component analysis (PCA), we extracted two components labeled as Dominance-Respect and Prosociality-Skills. Models investigating predictors of social status demonstrate that age was significantly and positively related to both Dominance-Respect and Prosociality-Skills while BMI was positively related to only Dominance-Respect.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Male social status and its predictors among Garisakang forager-horticulturalists of lowland Papua New Guinea

Popis výsledku anglicky

Social hierarchy exists in all human societies, yet the characteristics important for achieving high social status may differ cross-culturally. Studies among Western industrialized populations often use indices of socioeconomic status (SES) to determine individual social position. Conversely, studies among small-scale societies typically use locally relevant traits. Cross-cultural applicability and the relationships between these two strategies have rarely been investigated. Studies limited to industrialized societies demonstrate that low social status is associated with poor health and elevated levels of chronic stress. It remains unclear, however, if and to what extent this relationship is a recent phenomenon in industrialized Western society or a universal human characteristic that has likely been present throughout much of our recent evolutionary history. In this study, we investigate relationships between various SES and locally relevant measures of male social status, age, body-mass index (BMI), and levels of waking salivary cortisol among relatively egalitarian Garisakang forager-horticulturalists of lowland Papua New Guinea. We employ a photo-ranking method using 32 raters (16 women, 16 men) to evaluate 15 measures of social hierarchy in men (N = 32). These measures target locally relevant traits considered important for male social status (e.g., sociability, hunting skills, fighting ability, and community influence). Using principal component analysis (PCA), we extracted two components labeled as Dominance-Respect and Prosociality-Skills. Models investigating predictors of social status demonstrate that age was significantly and positively related to both Dominance-Respect and Prosociality-Skills while BMI was positively related to only Dominance-Respect.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

50103 - Cognitive sciences

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/GP13-25602P" target="_blank" >GP13-25602P: Psychosociální stress: jeho příčiny a důsledky v tradiční společnosti.</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2017

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Evolution and Human Behavior

ISSN

1090-5138

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

38

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

6

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

9

Strana od-do

789-797

Kód UT WoS článku

000413800100012

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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