Quantifying the success of prey crypsis, aposematism, and evasiveness in avoiding predator attack

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F25%3A00641916" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/25:00641916 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/60076658:12310/25:43910354

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70248" target="_blank" >https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecy.70248</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70248" target="_blank" >10.1002/ecy.70248</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Quantifying the success of prey crypsis, aposematism, and evasiveness in avoiding predator attack

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Antipredator defenses typically act at distinct stages of the predation sequence - encounter, identification, approach, and subjugation. However, their effectiveness has rarely been quantified and compared simultaneously in wild predator-prey systems. We conducted a study in Peru, where we installed aviaries at two localities and recorded the responses of wild avian predators to three types of antipredator defenses - crypsis, aposematism, and evasiveness - expressed by three butterfly prey types. The study included both immature and adult birds from forest and urban environments, representing the present community of insectivorous birds. We tested the theoretical expectations that cryptic butterflies (Nymphalidae: Euptychiina) were rarely detected, aposematic Heliconius (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) were often sighted but seldom attacked, and evasive Spicauda (Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) were frequently detected and attacked but evaded capture at higher rates. Despite these distinct defensive strategies, mortality rates among prey types were largely similar, but predator life stage strongly influenced defense effectiveness, with immature birds tending to attack Heliconius more frequently. Additionally, predator family influenced predation patterns, with more skilled insectivores (e.g., Vireonidae) showing higher capture success against defended prey. These findings illuminate the evolutionary pressures that shape predator behavior and prey defenses in tropical ecosystems. The similar mortality rates underscore the adaptive value of these defenses, which collectively distribute the total predation pressure across prey species.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Quantifying the success of prey crypsis, aposematism, and evasiveness in avoiding predator attack

Popis výsledku anglicky

Antipredator defenses typically act at distinct stages of the predation sequence - encounter, identification, approach, and subjugation. However, their effectiveness has rarely been quantified and compared simultaneously in wild predator-prey systems. We conducted a study in Peru, where we installed aviaries at two localities and recorded the responses of wild avian predators to three types of antipredator defenses - crypsis, aposematism, and evasiveness - expressed by three butterfly prey types. The study included both immature and adult birds from forest and urban environments, representing the present community of insectivorous birds. We tested the theoretical expectations that cryptic butterflies (Nymphalidae: Euptychiina) were rarely detected, aposematic Heliconius (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) were often sighted but seldom attacked, and evasive Spicauda (Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) were frequently detected and attacked but evaded capture at higher rates. Despite these distinct defensive strategies, mortality rates among prey types were largely similar, but predator life stage strongly influenced defense effectiveness, with immature birds tending to attack Heliconius more frequently. Additionally, predator family influenced predation patterns, with more skilled insectivores (e.g., Vireonidae) showing higher capture success against defended prey. These findings illuminate the evolutionary pressures that shape predator behavior and prey defenses in tropical ecosystems. The similar mortality rates underscore the adaptive value of these defenses, which collectively distribute the total predation pressure across prey species.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10618 - Ecology

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/GJ20-18566Y" target="_blank" >GJ20-18566Y: Význam mezidruhových interakcí při diversifikaci neotropických motýlů v makroevolučním a mikroevolučním měřítku</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Ecology

ISSN

0012-9658

e-ISSN

1939-9170

Svazek periodika

106

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

11

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

15

Strana od-do

e70248

Kód UT WoS článku

001628067600023

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105022314777