Long-term immune changes after COVID-19 and the effect of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F25%3A00643521" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/25:00643521 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/00216224:14110/25:00143256 RIV/00027162:_____/25:N0000047

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.70041" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.70041</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.70041" target="_blank" >10.1002/cti2.70041</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Long-term immune changes after COVID-19 and the effect of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

ObjectivesSeveral years after the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immunity and the potential protective role of Bacillus Calmette-Gu & eacuterin (BCG) vaccination through trained immunity remain a subject of investigation. This study aimed to determine the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immune cells and the association between BCG vaccination, latent infections and COVID-19 severity and sepsis progression.MethodsWe conducted a prospective analysis of patients who recovered from mild/severe/critical COVID-19 (n = 97, 3-17 months after COVID-19) and sepsis patients (n = 64). First, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 and its severity on immune cell frequencies and expression of functional markers. Further, we analysed plasma titres of anti-Toxoplasma gondii/cytomegalovirus/BCG antibodies and their association with COVID-19 severity and sepsis outcome. To examine monocyte responses to secondary challenge, monocytes isolated from COVID-19 convalescent patients, BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated volunteers were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 and LPS.ResultsPost-COVID-19 patients showed immune dysregulation regardless of disease severity characterised by altered expression of activation and functional markers in myeloid (CD39, CD64, CD85d, CD11b) and lymphoid cells (CD39, CD57, TIGIT). Strikingly, post-critical COVID-19 patients showed elevated expression of CD57 in CD8+ T cells compared to other severity groups. A trend toward improved outcomes in BCG-seropositive COVID-19/sepsis patients was observed, although this may be confounded by age differences between groups. In contrast, the monocyte response to stimulation appeared unaffected by COVID-19 severity.ConclusionThese findings highlight the long-term alterations of immune cells in post-COVID-19 patients, emphasising the substantial impact of COVID-19 on immune function.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Long-term immune changes after COVID-19 and the effect of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity

Popis výsledku anglicky

ObjectivesSeveral years after the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immunity and the potential protective role of Bacillus Calmette-Gu & eacuterin (BCG) vaccination through trained immunity remain a subject of investigation. This study aimed to determine the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immune cells and the association between BCG vaccination, latent infections and COVID-19 severity and sepsis progression.MethodsWe conducted a prospective analysis of patients who recovered from mild/severe/critical COVID-19 (n = 97, 3-17 months after COVID-19) and sepsis patients (n = 64). First, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 and its severity on immune cell frequencies and expression of functional markers. Further, we analysed plasma titres of anti-Toxoplasma gondii/cytomegalovirus/BCG antibodies and their association with COVID-19 severity and sepsis outcome. To examine monocyte responses to secondary challenge, monocytes isolated from COVID-19 convalescent patients, BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated volunteers were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 and LPS.ResultsPost-COVID-19 patients showed immune dysregulation regardless of disease severity characterised by altered expression of activation and functional markers in myeloid (CD39, CD64, CD85d, CD11b) and lymphoid cells (CD39, CD57, TIGIT). Strikingly, post-critical COVID-19 patients showed elevated expression of CD57 in CD8+ T cells compared to other severity groups. A trend toward improved outcomes in BCG-seropositive COVID-19/sepsis patients was observed, although this may be confounded by age differences between groups. In contrast, the monocyte response to stimulation appeared unaffected by COVID-19 severity.ConclusionThese findings highlight the long-term alterations of immune cells in post-COVID-19 patients, emphasising the substantial impact of COVID-19 on immune function.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10607 - Virology

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Clinical and Translational Immunology

ISSN

2050-0068

e-ISSN

2050-0068

Svazek periodika

14

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

7

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

19

Strana od-do

e70041

Kód UT WoS článku

001517538300001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105009336875