Influence of external factors on recovery and persistence parameters of chemical weapons-related alcohols and thiols in concrete samples

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60162694%3AG42__%2F26%3A00563909" target="_blank" >RIV/60162694:G42__/26:00563909 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.3833" target="_blank" >https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dta.3833</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.3833" target="_blank" >10.1002/dta.3833</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Influence of external factors on recovery and persistence parameters of chemical weapons-related alcohols and thiols in concrete samples

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The contamination of materials in urban areas by chemical weapons is a critical issue, especially as these materials can serve as key evidence in forensic investigations. Concrete, commonly found in urban environments, is highly porous and can retain chemical residues. However, its alkaline nature accelerates the degradation of chemical warfare agents, complicating the recovery of usable evidence. This study explores the recovery and persistence of alcohols and thiols, final degradation products of nerve and blistering agents, from two types of concrete matrices: lightweight concrete formworks and dense, steel-reinforced concrete blocks. Using an optimized method, uncrushed concrete fragments (up to 85 g) were extracted with acetone, monitoring two critical parameters: apparent recovery and persistence. The influence of external conditions, such as water addition, temperatures between 5°C and 35°C, and varying airflow speeds (1.7–5.1 m·s-1), was systematically evaluated. Reference conditions involved dried concrete at 22°C with no airflow. The findings revealed that alcohol recovery aligned with the volatility of the compounds, with denser concrete exhibiting lower recoveries but greater persistence. Thiols quickly converted to disulfides. Notably, temperature and moisture had the most profound effects on the recovery and persistence of the chemicals. These results highlight the importance of considering environmental factors when assessing chemical warfare agents and their degradation products in concrete, offering insights relevant to forensic science, environmental safety, and military defense. The study demonstrates how concrete's properties and external conditions can alter the forensic traceability of chemical contaminants.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Influence of external factors on recovery and persistence parameters of chemical weapons-related alcohols and thiols in concrete samples

Popis výsledku anglicky

The contamination of materials in urban areas by chemical weapons is a critical issue, especially as these materials can serve as key evidence in forensic investigations. Concrete, commonly found in urban environments, is highly porous and can retain chemical residues. However, its alkaline nature accelerates the degradation of chemical warfare agents, complicating the recovery of usable evidence. This study explores the recovery and persistence of alcohols and thiols, final degradation products of nerve and blistering agents, from two types of concrete matrices: lightweight concrete formworks and dense, steel-reinforced concrete blocks. Using an optimized method, uncrushed concrete fragments (up to 85 g) were extracted with acetone, monitoring two critical parameters: apparent recovery and persistence. The influence of external conditions, such as water addition, temperatures between 5°C and 35°C, and varying airflow speeds (1.7–5.1 m·s-1), was systematically evaluated. Reference conditions involved dried concrete at 22°C with no airflow. The findings revealed that alcohol recovery aligned with the volatility of the compounds, with denser concrete exhibiting lower recoveries but greater persistence. Thiols quickly converted to disulfides. Notably, temperature and moisture had the most profound effects on the recovery and persistence of the chemicals. These results highlight the importance of considering environmental factors when assessing chemical warfare agents and their degradation products in concrete, offering insights relevant to forensic science, environmental safety, and military defense. The study demonstrates how concrete's properties and external conditions can alter the forensic traceability of chemical contaminants.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10406 - Analytical chemistry

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS

ISSN

1942-7603

e-ISSN

1942-7611

Svazek periodika

17

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

8

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

1269-1282

Kód UT WoS článku

001367457200001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85210756994