Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Rock Climbing Anchors; Part 2: Laboratory experiments

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60461373%3A22350%2F19%3A43919343" target="_blank" >RIV/60461373:22350/19:43919343 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://corrosionjournal.org/doi/pdf/10.5006/3242" target="_blank" >https://corrosionjournal.org/doi/pdf/10.5006/3242</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3242" target="_blank" >10.5006/3242</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Rock Climbing Anchors; Part 2: Laboratory experiments

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Atmospherically-induced stress corrosion cracking (AISCC) in the presence of chloride deposits has been responsible for considerable incidents of rock climbing anchors breaking under minimal loads in seaside locations, putting climbers lives at stake. However, to date, failures due to AISCC have only been documented in anchors made of Type 304/304L and similar, and no rigorously documented failures have been shown to occur to Type 316/316L anchors. In order to support preparation of a new standard classifying anchors according to their corrosion resistance, the influence of environmental parameters such as periodic washing of chloride deposits, electrolyte pH, and type of rock on AISCC initiation and crack growth rate was studied in laboratory conditions by exposing U-bent specimens of stainless steel Types 321, 304, and 316L with MgCl2 deposits in air at 40°C to 50°C and at 35% to 45% relative humidity. The type of rock and electrolyte pH were not critical parameters for AISCC. Alkaline conditions only slightly prolonged stable crack initiation period and decreased the crack growth rate. Periodic washing in sufficiently short intervals was capable of significantly retarding or even arresting AISCC. The crack growth rate in Type 316L stainless steel was 2- to 3-fold slower than in the molybdenum-free Types 304 and 321. These last two effects are quite likely responsible for the lack of failures observed in Type 316/316L. In view of the lifetime expectancy of rock climbing anchors and other safety-relevant members, the crack growth rate was unacceptably high in all studied materials and their installation should be avoided in vulnerable seaside regions.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Atmospheric Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Rock Climbing Anchors; Part 2: Laboratory experiments

Popis výsledku anglicky

Atmospherically-induced stress corrosion cracking (AISCC) in the presence of chloride deposits has been responsible for considerable incidents of rock climbing anchors breaking under minimal loads in seaside locations, putting climbers lives at stake. However, to date, failures due to AISCC have only been documented in anchors made of Type 304/304L and similar, and no rigorously documented failures have been shown to occur to Type 316/316L anchors. In order to support preparation of a new standard classifying anchors according to their corrosion resistance, the influence of environmental parameters such as periodic washing of chloride deposits, electrolyte pH, and type of rock on AISCC initiation and crack growth rate was studied in laboratory conditions by exposing U-bent specimens of stainless steel Types 321, 304, and 316L with MgCl2 deposits in air at 40°C to 50°C and at 35% to 45% relative humidity. The type of rock and electrolyte pH were not critical parameters for AISCC. Alkaline conditions only slightly prolonged stable crack initiation period and decreased the crack growth rate. Periodic washing in sufficiently short intervals was capable of significantly retarding or even arresting AISCC. The crack growth rate in Type 316L stainless steel was 2- to 3-fold slower than in the molybdenum-free Types 304 and 321. These last two effects are quite likely responsible for the lack of failures observed in Type 316/316L. In view of the lifetime expectancy of rock climbing anchors and other safety-relevant members, the crack growth rate was unacceptably high in all studied materials and their installation should be avoided in vulnerable seaside regions.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20501 - Materials engineering

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

N - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z neverejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

CORROSION

ISSN

0010-9312

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

75

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

11

Stát vydavatele periodika

US - Spojené státy americké

Počet stran výsledku

12

Strana od-do

1371-1382

Kód UT WoS článku

000493898700011

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85078991115