The Camel Adaptive Immune Receptors Repertoire as a Singular Example of Structural and Functional Genomics

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62157124%3A16170%2F19%3A43877329" target="_blank" >RIV/62157124:16170/19:43877329 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/62157124:16810/19:43877329

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997/full" target="_blank" >https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997/full</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997" target="_blank" >10.3389/fgene.2019.00997</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

The Camel Adaptive Immune Receptors Repertoire as a Singular Example of Structural and Functional Genomics

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The adaptive immune receptors repertoire is highly plastic, with its ability to produce antigen-binding molecules and select those with high affinity for their antigen. Species have developed diverse genetic and structural strategies to create their respective repertoires required for their survival in the different environments. Camelids, until now, considered as a case of evolutionary innovation because of their only heavy-chain antibodies, represent a new mammalian model particularly useful for understanding the role of diversity in the immune system function. Here, we review the structural and functional characteristics and the current status of the genomic organization of camel immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In camelid humoral response, in addition to the conventional antibodies, there are IG with &quot;only-heavy-chain&quot; (no light chain, and two identical heavy gamma chains lacking CH1 and with a VH domain designated as VHH). The unique features of these VHH offer advantages in biotechnology and for clinical applications. The TRG and TRD rearranged variable domains of Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) display somatic hypermutation (SHM), increasing the intrinsic structural stability in the gamma/delta heterodimer and influencing the affinity maturation to a given antigen similar to immunoglobulin genes. The SHM increases the dromedary gamma/delta repertoire diversity. In Camelus genus, the general structural organization of the TRB locus is similar to that of the other artiodactyl species, with a pool of TRBV genes positioned at the 5&apos; end of three in tandem D-J-C clusters, followed by a single TRBV gene with an inverted transcriptional orientation located at the 3&apos; end. At the difference of TRG and TRD, the diversity of the TRB variable domains is not shaped by SHM and depends from the classical combinatorial and junctional diversity. The MHC locus is located on chromosome 20 in Camelus dromedarius. Cytogenetic and comparative whole genome analyses revealed the order of the three major regions &quot;Centromere-ClassII-ClassIII-ClassI&quot;. Unexpectedly low extent of polymorphisms and haplotypes was observed in all Old World camels despite different geographic origins.

Název v anglickém jazyce

The Camel Adaptive Immune Receptors Repertoire as a Singular Example of Structural and Functional Genomics

Popis výsledku anglicky

The adaptive immune receptors repertoire is highly plastic, with its ability to produce antigen-binding molecules and select those with high affinity for their antigen. Species have developed diverse genetic and structural strategies to create their respective repertoires required for their survival in the different environments. Camelids, until now, considered as a case of evolutionary innovation because of their only heavy-chain antibodies, represent a new mammalian model particularly useful for understanding the role of diversity in the immune system function. Here, we review the structural and functional characteristics and the current status of the genomic organization of camel immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In camelid humoral response, in addition to the conventional antibodies, there are IG with &quot;only-heavy-chain&quot; (no light chain, and two identical heavy gamma chains lacking CH1 and with a VH domain designated as VHH). The unique features of these VHH offer advantages in biotechnology and for clinical applications. The TRG and TRD rearranged variable domains of Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) display somatic hypermutation (SHM), increasing the intrinsic structural stability in the gamma/delta heterodimer and influencing the affinity maturation to a given antigen similar to immunoglobulin genes. The SHM increases the dromedary gamma/delta repertoire diversity. In Camelus genus, the general structural organization of the TRB locus is similar to that of the other artiodactyl species, with a pool of TRBV genes positioned at the 5&apos; end of three in tandem D-J-C clusters, followed by a single TRBV gene with an inverted transcriptional orientation located at the 3&apos; end. At the difference of TRG and TRD, the diversity of the TRB variable domains is not shaped by SHM and depends from the classical combinatorial and junctional diversity. The MHC locus is located on chromosome 20 in Camelus dromedarius. Cytogenetic and comparative whole genome analyses revealed the order of the three major regions &quot;Centromere-ClassII-ClassIII-ClassI&quot;. Unexpectedly low extent of polymorphisms and haplotypes was observed in all Old World camels despite different geographic origins.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10608 - Biochemistry and molecular biology

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Frontiers in Genetics

ISSN

1664-8021

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

10

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

10

Stát vydavatele periodika

CH - Švýcarská konfederace

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

997

Kód UT WoS článku

000497440500001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85074770925